热带树木多样性格局的种子扩散模型
A seed-diffusion model for tropical tree diversity patterns
摘要：
用简单的格点模型对热带森林群落的树种多样性格局进行了模拟，并采用回溯法进行了Monte Carlo模拟。我们的空间显式中性模型是基于一个简单的统计物理过程，即种子的扩散。该模型有三个参数：物种形成率，所研究的树木社区嵌入的元社区的大小，和种子的平均存活时间。通过广泛的计算机模拟，我们的目的是复制相关的统计措施，从巴罗科罗拉多岛树木普查的实验数据在1995年。该模型的前两个参数被固定为已知值，所研究的社区的特征，从而获得一个模型，只有一个自由可调的参数。在此基础上，用种子平均存活时间这一参数同时拟合了研究区域内的平均物种数、物种相对多度分布、种-面积关系以及多度物种中个体的空间自相关函数。
英文摘要：
Diversity patterns of tree species in a tropical forest community are approached by a simple lattice model and investigated by Monte Carlo simulations using a backtracking method. Our spatially explicit neutral model is based on a simple statistical physics process, namely the diffusion of seeds. The model has three parameters: the speciation rate, the size of the meta-community in which the studied tree-community is embedded, and the average surviving time of the seeds. By extensive computer simulations we aim the reproduction of relevant statistical measures derived from the experimental data of the Barro Colorado Island tree census in year 1995. The first two parameters of the model are fixed to known values, characteristic of the studied community, thus obtaining a model with only one freely adjustable parameter. As a result of this, the average number of species in the considered territory, the relative species abundance distribution, the species-area relationship and the spatial auto-correlation function of the individuals in abundant species are simultaneously fitted with only one parameter which is the average surviving time of the seeds.
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