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arXiv 1202.5648cond-mat.stat-mech
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经典开放系统的微观可逆性

Microscopic reversibility for classical open systems

Takaaki Monnai

摘要:

我们严格表明,有一个特定的轨迹的外部扰动经典开放系统的概率满足Liouvillian可逆动力学的普遍对称性。它将时间向前和反向轨迹的概率之间的比率与最终相空间分布的时间反转不对称性的程度联系起来。事实上,如果最终状态处于平衡状态,则正向和反向净转移概率相等,这给出了细致平衡原理的推广。另一方面,当外部强迫维持系统处于非平衡状态时,它表现出时间正向和反向轨迹概率的不对称性。特别是,它给出了一个微观表达式的热量流动到一个系统从水库的子动力学似乎是一个马尔可夫随机过程。此外,它的微观可逆性的表达式成立的保守和耗散动力学与任意的初始状态和外部强迫。

英文摘要:

We rigorously show that the probability to have a specific trajectory of an externally perturbed classical open system satisfies a universal symmetry for Liouvillian reversible dynamics. It connects the ratio between the probabilities of time forward and reversed trajectories to a degree of the time reversal asymmetry of the final phase space distribution. Indeed, if the final state is in equilibrium, then the forward and reversed net transition probabilities are equal, which gives a generalization of the detailed balance principle. On the other hand, when the external forcing maintains the system out of equilibrium, it expresses an asymmetry for the probabilities of the time forward and reversed trajectories. Especially, it gives a microscopic expression of the heat flowing to a system from a reservoir where the subdynamics seems like a Markovian stochastic process. Also, it turns out that the expression of the microscopic reversibility holds both for the conservative and dissipative dynamics with an arbitrary initial state and external forcing.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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