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arXiv 1106.1982cond-mat.stat-mech
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量子开放系统的微观可逆性

Microscopic reversibility of quantum open systems

Takaaki Monnai

摘要:

与经典的Liouvillian动力学一样,含时幺正演化的转移概率在协议反转下是不变的。在这篇文章中,我们将微观可逆性的表达式推广到外部微扰的大量子开放系统。依赖于时间的外部扰动作用于子系统在一个短暂的持续时间,随后的扰动被切断,使整个系统将热化。我们关心的是子系统的初始和最终本征态之间的转移概率。在时间演化过程中,子系统与储层之间的能量交换是不可逆的。时间反转概率由协议反转和初始系综给出。微观可逆性使时间正向和反向几率相等,因此表现为开放量子系统的热力学对称性。

英文摘要:

The transition probability for time-dependent unitary evolution is invariant under the reversal of protocols just as in the classical Liouvillian dynamics. In this article, we generalize the expression of microscopic reversibility to externally perturbed large quantum open systems. The time-dependent external perturbation acts on the subsystem during a transient duration, and subsequently the perturbation is switched off so that the total system would thermalize. We concern with the transition probability for the subsystem between the initial and final eigenstates of the subsystem. In the course of time evolution, the energy is irreversibly exchanged between the subsystem and reservoir. The time reversed probability is given by the reversal of the protocol and the initial ensemble. Microscopic reversibility equates the time forward and reversed probabilities, and therefore appears as a thermodynamic symmetry for open quantum systems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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