理解超光速中微子的概念框架
A Conceptual Framework for Understanding Faster-Than-Light Neutrinos
摘要：
最近的实验已经导致中微子的产生，其渡越时间表明其速度超过光速。在本文中，我们提出了一个概念框架，以了解如何比光更快的事件涉及中微子（如飞行时间）可能会发生。我们认为，这类观测并不违反狭义相对论;相反，它们只有助于在量子尺度上提供支持广义相对论的证据。考虑到中微子对局部时空环境的相对论效应，在宏观水平上测得的飞行时间可归因于中微子穿过的有效路径长度的减少。具体来说，沿着首选方向，我们表明，克尔度规允许压缩的时空，因此，减少路径长度的假设是合理的。此外，当中微子的运动是沿着时空压缩的首选方向时，克尔度规也预言了普朗克长度附近的强框架拖曳效应。在强烈的框架拖曳发生的区域，我们提出的路径长度压缩的微观解释是由于形成的“微虫洞”附近的普朗克长度。
英文摘要：
Recent experiments have led to the production of neutrinos with transit times indicating the appearance of traveling faster than the speed of light. In this paper, we present a conceptual framework to understand how faster-than-light events involving neutrinos (as indicated by time-of-flight) might occur. We propose that observations of this kind do not violate the special theory of relativity; instead, they only help to provide evidence in support of the general theory of relativity at quantum scales. Given the relativistic effects of the neutrino on its local spacetime environment, the measured time-of-flight at the macroscopic level is attributable to a decrease in the effective path length traversed by the neutrino. Specifically, along preferred directions, we show that the Kerr metric allows for the compression of spacetime; hence, the decreased path length hypothesis is plausible. Furthermore, when the motion of the neutrino is along the preferred direction for spacetime compression, the Kerr metric also predicts strong frame dragging effects near the Planck length. In the region where strong frame dragging occurs, we propose that the microscopic explanation for the path length compression is due to the formation of 'micro-wormholes' near the Planck length.
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