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arXiv 1202.4674astro-ph.CO
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z ~ 1以来合并在大质量早型星系尺寸演化中的主导作用

The dominant role of mergers in the size evolution of massive early-type galaxies since z ~ 1

C. López-Sanjuan, O. Le Fèvre, O. Ilbert, L. A. M. Tasca, C. Bridge, O. Cucciati, P. Kampczyk, L. Pozzetti, C. K. Xu, C. M. Carollo, T. Contini, J. -P. Kneib, S… 展开作者

C. López-Sanjuan, O. Le Fèvre, O. Ilbert, L. A. M. Tasca, C. Bridge, O. Cucciati, P. Kampczyk, L. Pozzetti, C. K. Xu, C. M. Carollo, T. Contini, J. -P. Kneib, S. J. Lilly, V. Mainieri, A. Renzini, D. Sanders, M. Scodeggio, N. Z. Scoville, Y. Taniguchi, G. Zamorani, H. Aussel, S. Bardelli, M. Bolzonella, A. Bongiorno, P. Capak, K. Caputi, S. de la Torre, L. de Ravel, P. Franzetti, B. Garilli, A. Iovino, C. Knobel, K. Kovač, F. Lamareille, J. -F. Le Borgne, V. Le Brun, E. Le Floc'h, C. Maier, H. J. McCracken, M. Mignoli, R. Pelló, Y. Peng, E. Pérez-Montero, V. Presotto, E. Ricciardelli, M. Salvato, J. D. Silverman, M. Tanaka, L. Tresse, D. Vergani, E. Zucca, L. Barnes, R. Bordoloi, A. Cappi, A. Cimatti, G. Coppa, A. Koekemoer, C. T. Liu, M. Moresco, P. Nair, P. Oesch, K. Schawinski, N. Welikala

摘要:

本文测量了大质量早型星系(M_star >= 10^11 M_Sun)在COSMOS场中的合并比例和合并率,包括合并率的大小,并研究了它们在质量和大小演化中的作用。我们使用COSMOS中的30波段测光星表,再加上zCOSMOS巡天的光谱学,来定义距离为10 h ^-1 kpc <= r_p <= 30 h-1 kpc、相对速度Δ v <= 500 km s^-1的密偶。我们测量了大质量星系的主(恒星质量比μ = M_star,2/M_star,1>= 1/4)和次(1/10 <= μ < 1/4)合并分数,并研究了它们与红移和形态的关系。大质量星系的合并率和合并率的演化符合幂律(1+z)^n,大质量星系的合并率随红移的增加而增加,n_MM = 1.4,小质量星系的合并率随红移的增加而增加,n_mm ~ 0.当按形态分裂时,早期类型的次要合并分数比螺旋高出三倍,并且两者几乎都随红移而恒定。我们的结果表明,大质量早型星系自z ~ 1以来经历了0.89次合并(0.43次合并和0.46次合并),导致质量增长约30%。我们发现,mu >= 1/10合并可以解释约55%的观测到的这些星系的大小演化,因为z ~ 1。另外约20%是由于祖先的偏见(年轻的星系更扩展),我们估计非常小的合并(μ < 1/10)可能会贡献额外的约20%。剩余的~5%应该来自其他过程(例如,绝热膨胀或观测效应)。这张照片也再现了这些星系的质量增长和速度色散演化。我们从这些结果中得出结论,合并是大质量ETG在z <= 1时尺寸演化的主要贡献者,占最后8 Gyr演化的50-75%。近一半的演变,由于合并有关的小(mu < 1/4)事件。

英文摘要:

In this paper we measure the merger fraction and rate, both minor and major, of massive early-type galaxies (M_star >= 10^11 M_Sun) in the COSMOS field, and study their role in mass and size evolution. We use the 30-band photometric catalogue in COSMOS, complemented with the spectroscopy of the zCOSMOS survey, to define close pairs with a separation 10h^-1 kpc <= r_p <= 30h-1 kpc and a relative velocity Delta v <= 500 km s^-1. We measure both major (stellar mass ratio mu = M_star,2/M_star,1 >= 1/4) and minor (1/10 <= mu < 1/4) merger fractions of massive galaxies, and study their dependence on redshift and on morphology. The merger fraction and rate of massive galaxies evolves as a power-law (1+z)^n, with major mergers increasing with redshift, n_MM = 1.4, and minor mergers showing little evolution, n_mm ~ 0. When split by their morphology, the minor merger fraction for early types is higher by a factor of three than that for spirals, and both are nearly constant with redshift. Our results show that massive early-type galaxies have undergone 0.89 mergers (0.43 major and 0.46 minor) since z ~ 1, leading to a mass growth of ~30%. We find that mu >= 1/10 mergers can explain ~55% of the observed size evolution of these galaxies since z ~ 1. Another ~20% is due to the progenitor bias (younger galaxies are more extended) and we estimate that very minor mergers (mu < 1/10) could contribute with an extra ~20%. The remaining ~5% should come from other processes (e.g., adiabatic expansion or observational effects). This picture also reproduces the mass growth and velocity dispersion evolution of these galaxies. We conclude from these results that merging is the main contributor to the size evolution of massive ETGs at z <= 1, accounting for ~50-75% of that evolution in the last 8 Gyr. Nearly half of the evolution due to mergers is related to minor (mu < 1/4) events.

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