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arXiv 1202.4481astro-ph.SRastro-ph.GA
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Plaut场中Na、Al和重元素丰度对银河系隆起形成的制约

Constraints on the Formation of the Galactic Bulge from Na, Al, and Heavy Element Abundances in Plaut's Field

Christian I. Johnson, R. Michael Rich, Chiaki Kobayashi, Jon P. Fulbright

备注：
Accepted for publication in ApJ; 66 pages, 17 figures, 3 tables; prior to publication, data tables in electronic form will be made available upon request
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摘要：

报道了位于Plaut低消光窗的39颗红巨星分支星和23颗潜在的内盘红团星的Na、Al、Zr、La、Nd和Eu的化学丰度。我们还测量了超级富锂RGB星的锂。丰度是通过对Blanco 4 m望远镜和Hydra多光纤光谱仪获得的高分辨率（R~ 25，000）、高信噪比（S/N~50-100像素-1）光谱进行光谱合成来确定的。对于核球RGB星，我们发现随着金属丰度的增加，[Na/Fe]和[Na/Al]比值普遍增加，而[La/Fe]和[Nd/Fe]比值则类似地减少。此外，[Al/Fe]和[Eu/Fe]的丰度变化趋势几乎与α-元素一致，[Zr/Fe]比值随[Fe/H]的变化相对较小。RGB星的[La/Eu]比值一直很低，这表明至少大多数的核球星形成得很快（<1 Gyr），并且在主s过程成为重要的污染源之前。相比之下，我们发现，潜在的内盘星团星表现出更相似的薄和厚磁盘的丰度模式。在不同的隆起位置的丰度趋势之间的比较表明，内部和外部的隆起形成类似的时间尺度。然而，我们发现的证据之间的一些丰度差异最贫金属和富金属的恒星在不同的凸起领域。这些数据还表明，晕可能有一个更显着的影响外隆初始组成比内隆组成。[Na/Fe]和在较小程度上[La/Fe]的丰度进一步表明，缺乏金属的凸起，至少距离银河系中心约1 kpc，和厚盘可能不具有相同的化学成分。

英文摘要：

We report chemical abundances of Na, Al, Zr, La, Nd, and Eu for 39 red giant branch (RGB) stars and 23 potential inner disk red clump stars located in Plaut-s low extinction window. We also measure lithium for a super Li-rich RGB star. The abundances were determined by spectrum synthesis of high resolution (R~25,000), high signal-to-noise (S/N~50-100 pixel-1) spectra obtained with the Blanco 4m telescope and Hydra multifiber spectrograph. For the bulge RGB stars, we find a general increase in the [Na/Fe] and [Na/Al] ratios with increasing metallicity, and a similar decrease in [La/Fe] and [Nd/Fe]. Additionally, the [Al/Fe] and [Eu/Fe] abundance trends almost identically follow those of the α-elements, and the [Zr/Fe] ratios exhibit relatively little change with [Fe/H]. The consistently low [La/Eu] ratios of the RGB stars indicate that at least a majority of bulge stars formed rapidly (<1 Gyr) and before the main s-process could become a significant pollution source. In contrast, we find that the potential inner disk clump stars exhibit abundance patterns more similar to those of the thin and thick disks. Comparisons between the abundance trends at different bulge locations suggest that the inner and outer bulge formed on similar timescales. However, we find evidence of some abundance differences between the most metal-poor and metal-rich stars in various bulge fields. The data also indicate that the halo may have had a more significant impact on the outer bulge initial composition than the inner bulge composition. The [Na/Fe] and to a lesser extent [La/Fe] abundances further indicate that the metal-poor bulge, at least at ~1 kpc from the Galactic center, and thick disk may not share an identical chemistry.

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