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arXiv 1202.4409astro-ph.SR
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关于M33中候选亮蓝变星的性质

On the nature of candidate luminous blue variables in M33

J. S. Clark, N. Castro, M. Garcia, A. Herrero, F. Najarro, I. Negueruela, B. W. Ritchie, K. T. Smith

摘要:

亮蓝变星(LBV)被认为在大质量恒星演化中扮演着重要的角色,同时也是一些已知的最明亮的超新星的祖先。在本文中,我们提供了一个多波长的研究人口(候选人)LBV内确定M33。新的光谱提供了一个超过4年的观测基线,相对于已公布的数据,这是非常适合识别LBV爆发。M33的多历元光学和中红外测量进一步限制了样品的可变性,并允许搜索尘埃拱星喷出物。光谱和光度变化在样品中似乎很常见,但在许多情况下,需要进一步观察才能确定其物理来源。尽管如此,我们报告了一个新的爆发M33 Var C,而WNLh恒星B517在1993年至2010年之间过渡到一个较冷的B超巨星阶段证实了LBV分类。证明的概念定量分析提供了罗马诺的明星,其结果是一致的发现,它的热光度变化在其LBV的游览。B超巨星[HS 80] 110 A和冷超巨星B324这两颗恒星的温度和光度的组合似乎违反了经验的Humphreys-Davidson极限。中红外观测表明,一些候选者似乎与热的星周尘埃有关,尽管没有像船底座η这样极端的物体被发现。组合的多波长数据集表明,研究的LBV的人口被证明B[e]现象的恒星污染。其中,与热尘相关的一组光学暗淡、低光度恒星特别令人感兴趣,因为它们看起来与SN 2008 S和2008 NGC 300瞬变的可能祖先相似,尽管遭受较少的内在消光。[删节]

英文摘要:

Luminous blue variables (LBVs) are expected to play an important role in massive stellar evolution as well as being the progenitors of some of the most luminous supernovae known. In this paper we provide a multiwavelength study of the population of (candidate) LBVs identified within M33. New spectra provide an observational baseline of >4yr with respect to published data, which is well suited to identifying LBV outbursts. Multi-epoch optical and mid-IR surveys of M33 further constrain the variability of the sample and permit a search for dusty circumstellar ejecta. Spectroscopic and photometric variability appears common amongst the sample, although in many cases further observations will be required to determine its physical origin. Nevertheless, we report a new outburst of M33 Var C, while the transition of the WNLh star B517 to a cooler B supergiant phase between 1993-2010 confirms an LBV classification. Proof-of-concept quantitative analysis is provided for Romano's star; the results being consistent with the finding that its bolometric luminosity varies during its LBV excursions. The combination of the temperature and luminosity of two stars, the B hypergiant [HS80] 110A and the cool hypergiant B324, appears to be in violation of the empirical Humphreys-Davidson limit. Mid-IR observations demonstrate that a number of candidates appear associated with hot circumstellar dust, although no objects as extreme as Eta Carinae are identified. The combined multiwavelength dataset suggests that the population of LBVs studied is contaminated by stars demonstrating the B[e] phenomenon. Of these, a subset of optically faint, low luminosity stars associated with hot dust are of particular interest since they appear similar to the likely progenitors of SN 2008S and the 2008 NGC300 transient, albeit suffering less intrinsic extinction. [ABRIDGED]

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