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arXiv 1202.2125astro-ph.GAastro-ph.CO
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发光超新星II:空间分布、光度函数与宇宙演化

Luminous Satellites II: Spatial Distribution, Luminosity Function and Cosmic Evolution

A. M. Nierenberg, M. W. Auger, T. Treu, P. J. Marshall, C. D. Fassnacht, Michael T. Busha

摘要:

我们推导了红移为0.1 ~ 0.8的大质量星系卫星数密度($\log_{10}[M_{h}^*/M\odot]>10.5$)的归一化值、径向分布和角向分布,并将其作为宿主恒星质量、红移、形态和卫星光度的函数。利用COSMOS HST图像的深度和分辨率,我们探测到比宿主星系暗8个星等的卫星,接近0.3(1.4)角秒(kpc)。将卫星星系的数密度分布描述为投影幂律,使得$P(R)\propto R^{\rpower}$,我们得到了$\rpower=-1.1\pm 0.3$ .我们没有发现$\rpower$对宿主恒星质量,红移,形态或卫星光度的依赖性。早期型宿主的卫星的角分布比宿主的光分布更平坦,并且与其主轴对齐。没有显着的平均对齐检测到的卫星晚型主机。在一个固定的星等对比度内,卫星星系的数量取决于它的恒星质量,质量越大的星系拥有更多的卫星星系。此外,高质量的晚型宿主比相同恒星质量的早型星系有更少的卫星,这可能是环境差异的结果。没有显着的演变,卫星的数量每主机检测。卫星的累积光度函数定性上与利用晕下丰度匹配技术预测的结果吻合得很好。然而,在绝对标准化中存在显著的残差差异,这表明除了主星系光度或恒星质量之外的其他属性决定了卫星的数量。

英文摘要:

We infer the normalization and the radial and angular distributions of the number density of satellites of massive galaxies ($\log_{10}[M_{h}^*/M\odot]>10.5$) between redshifts 0.1 and 0.8 as a function of host stellar mass, redshift, morphology and satellite luminosity. Exploiting the depth and resolution of the COSMOS HST images, we detect satellites up to eight magnitudes fainter than the host galaxies and as close as 0.3 (1.4) arcseconds (kpc). Describing the number density profile of satellite galaxies to be a projected power law such that $P(R)\propto R^{\rpower}$, we find $\rpower=-1.1\pm 0.3$. We find no dependency of $\rpower$ on host stellar mass, redshift, morphology or satellite luminosity. Satellites of early-type hosts have angular distributions that are more flattened than the host light profile and are aligned with its major axis. No significant average alignment is detected for satellites of late-type hosts. The number of satellites within a fixed magnitude contrast from a host galaxy is dependent on its stellar mass, with more massive galaxies hosting significantly more satellites. Furthermore, high-mass late-type hosts have significantly fewer satellites than early-type galaxies of the same stellar mass, likely a result of environmental differences. No significant evolution in the number of satellites per host is detected. The cumulative luminosity function of satellites is qualitatively in good agreement with that predicted using subhalo abundance matching techniques. However, there are significant residual discrepancies in the absolute normalization, suggesting that properties other than the host galaxy luminosity or stellar mass determine the number of satellites.

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