We study the local symplectic algebra of the 0-dimensional isolated complete intersection singularities. We use the method of algebraic restrictions to classify these symplectic singularities. We show that there are non-trivial symplectic invariants in this classification.
We study the local symplectic algebra of curves. We use the method of algebraic restrictions to classify symplectic $W_8$ and $W_9$ singularities. We use discrete symplectic invariants to distinguish symplectic singularities of the curves. We also give the geometric description of symplectic classes.
We study the local symplectic algebra of curves. We use the method of algebraic restrictions to classify symplectic $T_7$ singularities. We define discrete symplectic invariants - the Lagrangian tangency orders. We use these invariants to distinguish symplectic singularities of classical $A-D-E$ singularities of planar curves, $S_5$ singularity and $T_7$ singularity. We also give the geometric description of these symplectic singularities.
We study the local symplectic algebra of the 1-dimensional isolated complete intersection singularity of type Sμ. We use the method of algebraic restrictions to classify symplectic Sμ singularities. We distinguish these symplectic singularities by discrete symplectic invariants. We also give the geometric description of them.
We study symplectic deformation types of minimal symplectic fillings of links of quotient surface singularities. In particular, there are only finitely many symplectic deformation types for each quotient surface singularity.
For any k<2n we construct a complete system of invariants in the problem of classifying singularities of immersed k-dimensional submanifolds of a symplectic 2n-manifold at a generic double point.
We generalize a theorem of Delzant classifying compact connected symplectic manifolds with completely integrable torus actions to certain singular symplectic spaces. The assumption on singularities is that if they are not finite quotient then they are isolated.
We provided two explicit formulas for the intersection cohomology (as a graded vector space with pairing) of the symplectic quotient by a circle in terms of the $S^1$ equivariant cohomology of the original symplectic manifold and the fixed point data. The key idea is the construction of a small resolution of the symplectic quotient.
In this paper we survey several intersection and non-intersection phenomena appearing in the realm of symplectic topology. We discuss their implications and finally outline some new relations of the subject to algebraic geometry.
We use the techniques of integration of Poisson manifolds into symplectic Lie groupoids to build symplectic resolutions (= desingularizations) of the closure of a symplectic leaf. More generally, we show how Lie groupoids can be used to lift singularities, in particular when one imposes a compatibility condition with an additional structure given by a multi-vector field.
We describe a variety of symplectic surgeries (not a priori compatible with Kahler structures) which are obtained by combining local Kahler degenerations and resolutions of singularities. The effect of the surgeries is to replace configurations of Lagrangian spheres with symplectic submanifolds. We discuss several examples in detail, relating them to existence questions for symplectic manifolds with $c_1>0, c_1=0, c_1<0$ in four and six dimensions.
We characterize transversality, non-transversality properties on the moduli space of genus 0 stable maps to a semipositive symplectic manifold of dimension 4, when GW([point],...,[point]) is enumerative. In particular, we show that the intersection theoretic property depends on the existence of a critical point on a stable map.
We use the method of algebraic restrictions to classify symplectic $U_7$, $U_8$ and $U_9$ singularities. We use discrete symplectic invariants to distinguish symplectic singularities of the curves. We also give the geometric description of symplectic classes.
We overview our recent work defining and studying normal crossings varieties and subvarieties in symplectic topology. This work answers a question of Gromov on the feasibility of introducing singular (sub)varieties into symplectic topology in the case of normal crossings singularities. It also provides a necessary and sufficient condition for smoothing normal crossings symplectic varieties. In addition, we explain some connections with other areas of mathematics and discuss a few directions for further research.
Let G be a finite group acting on a symplectic complex vector space V. Assume that the quotient V/G has a holomorphic symplectic resolution. We prove that G is generated by "symplectic reflectionsd"', i.e. symplectomorphisms with fixed space of codimension 2 in V. Symplectic resolutions are always semismall. A crepant resolution of V/G is always symplectic. We give a symplectic version of Nakamura conjectures.
We compute symplectic cohomology for Milnor fibres of certain compound Du Val singularities that admit small resolution by using homological mirror symmetry. Our computations suggest a new conjecture that the existence of a small resolution has strong implications for the symplectic cohomology and conversely. We also use our computations to give a contact invariant of the link of the singularities and thereby distinguish many contact structures on connected sums of $S^2 \times S^3$.
We establish a connection between smooth symplectic resolutions and symplectic deformations of a (possibly singular) affine Poisson variety. In particular, let V be a finite-dimensional complex symplectic vector space and G\subset Sp(V) a finite subgroup. Our main result says that the so-called Calogero-Moser deformation of the orbifold V/G is, in an appropriate sense, a versal Poisson deformation. That enables us to determine the algebra structure on the rational cohomology H^*(X) of any smooth symplectic resolution X \to V/G (multiplicative McKay correspondence). We prove further that if G i…
In this paper we present a method to obtain resolutions of symplectic orbifolds arising from symplectic reduction of a Hamiltonian S^1-manifold at a regular value. As an application, we show that all isolated cyclic singularities of a symplectic orbifold admit a resolution and that pre-quantisations of symplectic orbifolds are symplectically fillable by a smooth manifold.
In recent work, we introduced topological notions of simple normal crossings symplectic divisor and variety, showed that they are equivalent, in a suitable sense, to the corresponding geometric notions, and established a topological smoothability criterion for them. The present paper extends these notions to arbitrary normal crossings singularities, from both local and global perspectives, and shows that they are also equivalent to the corresponding geometric notions. In subsequent papers, we extend our smoothability criterion to arbitrary normal crossings symplectic varieties and construct a …
Let $M$ be a proper Hamiltonian $K$-space with proper moment map $μ$. The symplectic quotient $X=μ^{-1}(0)/K$ is in general a singular stratified space. In this paper we first generalize the Kirwan map to this symplectic setting which maps the $K$ equivariant cohomology of $μ^{-1}(0)$ to the middle perversity intersection cohomology $IH^*(X)$. Next, we show that there is a natural right inverse of the Kirwan map, under an assumption coming from the cosupport axiom for the intersection homology sheaf. Furthermore, we can identify the subspace of $H^*_K(μ^{-1}(0))$ which corresponds to $IH^*(X)$…
Suppose that $C=(C_1,..., C_m)$ is a configuration of 2-dimensional symplectic submanifolds in a symplectic 4-manifold $(X,ω)$ with connected, negative definite intersection graph $Γ_C$. We show that by replacing an appropriate neighborhood of $\cup C_i$ with a smoothing $W_S$ of a normal surface singularity $(S, 0)$ with resolution graph $Γ_C$, the resulting 4-manifold admits a symplectic structure. This operation generalizes the rational blow-down operation of Fintushel-Stern for other configurations, and therefore extends Symington's result about symplectic rational blow-downs.
We introduce topological notions of normal crossings symplectic divisor and variety and establish that they are equivalent, in a suitable sense, to the desired geometric notions. Our proposed concept of equivalence of associated topological and geometric notions fits ideally with important constructions in symplectic topology. This partially answers Gromov's question on the feasibility of defining singular symplectic (sub)varieties and lays foundation for rich developments in the future. In subsequent papers, we establish a smoothability criterion for symplectic normal crossings varieties, in …
Recently, Tsai-Tseng-Yau constructed new invariants of symplectic manifolds: a sequence of Aoo-algebras built of differential forms on the symplectic manifold. We show that these symplectic Aoo-algebras have a simple topological interpretation. Namely, when the cohomology class of the symplectic form is integral, these Aoo-algebras are equivalent to the standard de Rham differential graded algebra on certain odd-dimensional sphere bundles over the symplectic manifold. From this equivalence, we deduce for a closed symplectic manifold that Tsai-Tseng-Yau's symplectic Aoo-algebras satisfy the Cal…
Given a symplectic cohomology class of degree 1, we define the notion of an equivariant Lagrangian submanifold. The Floer cohomology of equivariant Lagrangian submanifolds has a natural endomorphism, which induces a grading by generalized eigenspaces. Taking Euler characteristics with respect to the induced grading yields a deformation of the intersection number. Dehn twists act naturally on equivariant Lagrangians. Cotangent bundles and Lefschetz fibrations give fully computable examples. A key step in computations is to impose the "dilation" condition stipulating that the BV operator applied…
In this article we prove a rigidity theorem for lagrangian singularities by studying the local cohomology of the lagrangian de Rham complex that was introduced in math.AG/0002083. The result can be applied to show the rigidity of all open swallowtails of dimension greater or equal than two. In the case of lagrangian complete intersection singularities the lagrangian de Rham complex turns out to be perverse. We also show that lagrangian complete intersection in dimension greater than two cannot be regular in codimension one.
In this note we prove that the symplectic homology of a Liouville domain W displaceable in the symplectic completion vanishes. Nevertheless if the Euler characteristic of (W,\p W) is odd, the filtered symplectic homologies of W do not vanish and give rise to leafwise intersection points on the symplectic completion of W for a perturbation displacing $W$ from itself. In contrast to the existing results we can find a leafwise intersection point for a given period but its energy varies by period instead.
We explain how a classical theorem by Arnol'd and Melrose on non-singular functions on a symplectic manifold with boundary can be proved in few lines, and we use the same method to obtain a new result, which is a normal form with functional invariants for the first occurring singularities
Let $K$ be a compact Lie group with complexification $G$, and let $V$ be a unitary $K$-module. We consider the real symplectic quotient $M_0$ at level $0$ of the homogeneous quadratic moment map as well as the complex symplectic quotient, defined here as the complexification of $M_0$. We show that if $(V, G)$ is $3$-large, a condition that holds generically, then the complex symplectic quotient has symplectic singularities and is graded Gorenstein. This in particular implies that the real symplectic quotient is graded Gorenstein. In the case that $K$ is a torus or $\operatorname{SU}_2$, we sho…
A log symplectic manifold is a complex manifold equipped with a complex symplectic form that has simple poles on a hypersurface. The possible singularities of such a hypersurface are heavily constrained. We introduce the notion of an elliptic point of a log symplectic structure, which is a singular point at which a natural transversality condition involving the modular vector field is satisfied, and we prove a local normal form for such points that involves the simple elliptic surface singularities $\tilde{E}_6,\tilde{E}_7$ and $\tilde{E}_8$. Our main application is to the classification of Po…
The goal of this paper is to classify symplectic toric stratified spaces with isolated singularities. This extends a result of Burns, Guillemin, and Lerman which carries out this classification in the compact connected case. In making this classification, it is necessary to classify symplectic toric cones. Via a well-known equivalence between symplectic toric cones and contact toric manifolds, this allows for the classification of contact toric manifolds as well, extending Lerman's classification of compact connected contact toric manifolds.
We study the existence of symplectic resolutions of quotient singularities V/G where V is a symplectic vector space and G acts symplectically. Namely, we classify the symplectically irreducible and imprimitive groups, excluding those of the form $K \rtimes S_2$ where $K < \SL_2(\C)$, for which the corresponding quotient singularity admits a projective symplectic resolution. As a consequence, for $\dim V \neq 4$, we classify all quotient singularities $V/G$ admitting a projective symplectic resolution which do not decompose as a product of smaller-dimensional quotient singularities, except for …
Let M be a compact symplectic manifold, and L be a closed Lagrangian submanifold which can be lifted to a Legendrian submanifold in the contactization of M. For any Legendrian deformation of L satisfying some given conditions, we get a new Lagrangian submanifold L'. We prove that the number of intersection of L and L' can be estimated from below by the sum of $Z_2$-Betti numbers of L, provided they intersect transversally.
We show that every negative definite configuration of symplectic surfaces in a symplectic 4--manifold has a strongly symplectically convex neighborhood. We use this to show that, if a negative definite configuration satisfies an additional negativity condition at each surface in the configuration, and if the complex singularity with resolution diffeomorphic to a neighborhood of the configuration has a smoothing, then the configuration can be symplectically replaced by the smoothing of the singularity. This generalizes the symplectic rational blowdown procedure used in recent constructions of s…
We prove the generalised McKay correspondence for isolated singularities using Floer theory. Given an isolated singularity \C^n/G for a finite subgroup G in SL(n,\C) and any crepant resolution Y, we prove that the rank of positive symplectic cohomology SH_+(Y) is the number of conjugacy classes of G, and that twice the age grading on conjugacy classes is the \Z-grading on SH_+(Y) by the Conley-Zehnder index. The generalised McKay correspondence follows as SH_+(Y) is naturally isomorphic to ordinary cohomology H(Y), due to a vanishing result for full symplectic cohomology. In the Appendix we co…
Our previous papers introduce topological notions of normal crossings symplectic divisor and variety, show that they are equivalent, in a suitable sense, to the corresponding geometric notions, and establish a topological smoothability criterion for normal crossings symplectic varieties. The present paper constructs a blowup, a complex line bundle, and a logarithmic tangent bundle naturally associated with a normal crossings symplectic divisor and determines the Chern class of the last bundle. These structures hav applications in constructions and analysis of various moduli spaces. As a coroll…
In the present paper, we consider a smooth $C^\infty$ symplectic classification of Lagrangian fibrations near cusp singularities, parabolic orbits and cuspidal tori. We show that for these singularities as well as for an arrangement of singularities known as a flap, which arises in the integrable subcritical Hamiltonian Hopf bifurcation, the action variables form a complete set of $C^\infty$ symplectic invariants. We also give a symplectic classification for parabolic orbits in the real-analytic case. Namely, we prove that a complete symplectic invariant in this case is given by a real-analyti…
Let X be a minimal surface of general type with positive geometric genus ($b_+ > 1$) and let $K^2$ be the square of its canonical class. Building on work of Khodorovskiy and Rana, we prove that if X develops a Wahl singularity of length $\ell$ in a Q-Gorenstein degeneration, then $\ell \leq 4K^2 + 7$. This improves on the current best-known upper bound due to Lee ($\ell \leq 400(K^2)^4$). Our bound follows from a stronger theorem constraining symplectic embeddings of certain rational homology balls in surfaces of general type. In particular, we show that if the rational homology ball $B_{p,1}$…
In this note we observe that Arnold conjecture for the Hamiltonian maps still holds on weighted projective spaces $\CP^n({\bf q})$, and that Arnold conjecture for the Lagrange intersections for $(\CP^n({\bf q}), \RP^n({\bf q}))$ is also true if each weight $q_i\in {\bf q}=\{q_1,..., q_{n+1}\}$ is odd.
We consider the canonical contact structures on links of rational surface singularities with reduced fundamental cycle. These singularities can be characterized by their dual resolution graphs: the graph is a tree, and the weight of each vertex is no greater than its negative valency. In a joint work with Starkston, we previously showed that if the weight of each vertex in the graph is at most -5, the contact structure has a unique symplectic filling (up to symplectic deformation and blow-up). The proof was based on a symplectic analog of de Jong-van Straten's description of smoothings of thes…
We construct using Lefschetz fibrations a large family of contact manifolds with the following properties: Any bounding contact embedding into an exact symplectic manifold satisfying a mild topological assumption is non-displaceable and generically has infinitely many leaf-wise intersection points. Moreover, any Stein filling has infinite dimensional symplectic homology.
We define a suitably tame class of singular symplectic curves in 4-manifolds, namely those whose singularities are modeled on complex curve singularities. We study the corresponding symplectic isotopy problem, with a focus on rational curves with irreducible singularities (rational cuspidal curves) in the complex projective plane. We prove that every such curve is isotopic to a complex curve in degrees up to 5, and for curves with one singularity whose link is a torus knot. Classification results of symplectic isotopy classes rely on pseudo-holomorphic curves together with a symplectic version…
We establish a link between symplectic topology and a recently emerged branch of functional analysis called the theory of quasi-states and quasi-measures. In the symplectic context quasi-states can be viewed as an algebraic way of packaging certain information contained in Floer theory, and in particular in spectral invariants of Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms introduced recently by Yong-Geun Oh. As a consequence we prove a number of new results on rigidity of intersections in symplectic manifolds. This work is a part of a joint project with Paul Biran.
We prove that the moduli space of gauge equivalence classes of symplectic vortices with uniformly bounded energy in a compact Hamiltonian manifold admits a Gromov compactification by polystable vortices. This extends results of Mundet i Riera and Tian for circle actions to the case of arbitrary compact Lie groups. Our argument relies on an a priori estimate for vortices that allows us to apply techniques used by McDuff and Salamon in their proof of Gromov compactness for pseudoholomorphic curves. As an intermediate result we prove a removable singularity theorem for vortices.
We determine a one-to-one correspondence between Milnor fibers and minimal symplectic fillings of a quotient surface singularity (up to diffeomorphism type) by giving an explicit algorithm to compare them mainly via techniques from the minimal model program for 3-folds and Pinkham's negative weight smoothing. As by-products, we show that: -- Milnor fibers associated to irreducible components of the reduced versal deformation space of a quotient surface singularity are not diffeomorphic to each other with a few obvious exceptions. For this, we classify minimal symplectic fillings of a quotient …
In this paper we use Floer theory to study topological restrictions on Lagrangian embeddings in closed symplectic manifolds. One of the phenomena arising from our results is ``homological rigidity'' of Lagrangian submanifolds. Namely, in certain symplectic manifolds, conditions on low dimensional topological invariants of a Lagrangian (such as its first homology) completely determine its entire homology. We also develop methods for studying Hamiltonian displacement of Lagrangian submanifolds and its relations to the topology of Lagrangians. Finally we present some new results on Lagrangian int…
We construct simply connected, minimal, symplectic 4-manifolds with exotic smooth structures and each with one Seiberg-Witten basic class up to sign, on the Noether line and between the Noether and half Noether lines by star surgeries introduced by Karakurt and Starkston, and by using complex singularities. We also construct certain configurations of complex singularities in the rational elliptic surfaces geometrically, without using any monodromy arguments. By using these configurations, we give symplectic embeddings of star shaped plumbings inside (some blow-ups of) elliptic surfaces.
We introduce an analogue of the inflation technique of Lalonde-McDuff, allowing us to obtain new symplectic forms from symplectic surfaces of negative self-intersection in symplectic four-manifolds. We consider the implications of this construction for the symplectic cones of Kähler surfaces, proving along the way a result which can be used to simplify the intersections of distinct pseudoholomorphic curves via a perturbation.