强相互作用一维玻色子的时空费米化
Spatio-temporal Fermionization of Strongly Interacting 1D Bosons
摘要：
基于最近用扫描电子显微镜在超冷原子上获得的实验成果，我们研究了弱（准凝聚）和强相互作用（Tonks-Girardeau）区域之间交叉的一维玻色气体。我们测量的时间两个粒子的关联函数，并将其与使用时间演进块抽取算法进行计算。当进入更强的相互作用机制时，观察到更明显的反聚束。即使这模仿了一个费米子行为的发病，我们强调，1D玻色子和费米子之间的确切和简单的对偶性不成立时，这种动力学响应探测。费米化的开始也反映在密度分布中，我们测量\emph{in situ}以提取相关参数并识别不同的区域。我们的研究结果表明，实验和理论之间的协议，并提供了新的见解强关联多体系统的动力学。
英文摘要：
Building on the recent experimental achievements obtained with scanning electron microscopy on ultracold atoms, we study one-dimensional Bose gases in the crossover between the weakly (quasi-condensate) and the strongly interacting (Tonks-Girardeau) regime. We measure the temporal two-particle correlation function and compare it with calculations performed using the Time Evolving Block Decimation algorithm. More pronounced antibunching is observed when entering the more strongly interacting regime. Even though this mimics the onset of a fermionic behavior, we highlight that the exact and simple duality between 1D bosons and fermions does not hold when such dynamical response is probed. The onset of fermionization is also reflected in the density distribution, which we measure \emph{in situ} to extract the relevant parameters and to identify the different regimes. Our results show agreement between experiment and theory and give new insight into the dynamics of strongly correlated many-body systems.
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