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arXiv 1201.3280astro-ph.SRastro-ph.COastro-ph.GAastro-ph.IM
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大麦云云中大质量双星的光度学和光谱学研究。I.两个分离系统的介绍和轨道:质量离散的证据?

Photometric and Spectroscopic Studies of Massive Binaries in the Large Magellanic Cloud. I. Introduction and Orbits for Two Detached Systems: Evidence for a Mass Discrepancy?

Philip Massey, Nidia I. Morrell, Kathryn F. Neugent, Laura R. Penny, Kathleen-DeGioia Eastwood, Douglas R. Gies

摘要:

恒星的质量-光度关系很难被大质量恒星的观测所约束。我们描述了我们的计划,以寻找食大规模的双星在麦哲伦云使用测光的地区丰富的大质量恒星,我们的光谱后续行动,以获得径向速度和轨道。我们的测光活动确定了48个早期类型的周期性变量,其中只有15个(31%)被发现作为微透镜调查的一部分。光谱学现在已经完成了17个这样的系统,在本文中,我们提出了分析的前两个,LMC 172231和ST 2 -28,简单的分离系统的晚型O矮星相对温和的质量。我们的轨道分析产生非常精确的质量(2%),我们使用层析成像分离的组件,并确定有效温度的模型拟合,必要的确定准确的(0.05-0.07德克斯)的辐射热光度结合光变曲线分析。我们的方法允许比以前更精确的进化理论的比较。令我们相当惊讶的是,我们发现了一个很小但很重要的系统性差异:所有恒星的质量都略低于进化模型预测的质量,通常为11%(或超过0.2 dex)。我们检查我们的方法系统的问题,但没有找到令人满意的解释。这种差异与长期讨论的恒星大气分析与恒星演化模型测量的质量之间的差异是相同的,并且可能表明模型中需要增加旋转或对流过冲。在本系列的后续文章中将讨论其他系统,并希望证实或反驳这一趋势。

英文摘要:

The stellar mass-luminosity relation is poorly constrained by observations for high mass stars. We describe our program to find eclipsing massive binaries in the Magellanic Clouds using photometry of regions rich in massive stars, and our spectroscopic follow-up to obtain radial velocities and orbits. Our photometric campaign identified 48 early-type periodic variables, of which only 15 (31%) were found as part of the microlensing surveys. Spectroscopy is now complete for 17 of these systems, and in this paper we present analysis of the first two, LMC 172231 and ST2-28, simple detached systems of late-type O dwarfs of relatively modest masses. Our orbit analysis yields very precise masses (2%) and we use tomography to separate the components and determine effective temperatures by model fitting, necessary for determining accurate (0.05-0.07 dex) bolometric luminosities in combination with the light-curve analysis. Our approach allows more precise comparisons with evolutionary theory than previously possible. To our considerable surprise, we find a small, but significant, systematic discrepancy: all of the stars are slightly under-massive, by typically 11% (or over-luminous by 0.2 dex) compared to that predicted by the evolutionary models. We examine our approach for systematic problems, but find no satisfactory explanation. The discrepancy is in the same sense as the long-discussed and elusive discrepancy between the masses measured from stellar atmosphere analysis with the stellar evolutionary models, and might suggest that either increased rotation or convective overshooting is needed in the models. Additional systems will be discussed in future papers of this series, and will hopefully confirm or refute this trend.

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