斯皮策和赫歇尔对小麦哲伦星云超新星遗迹中尘埃的研究
Spitzer and Herschel studies of dust in supernova remnants in the Small Magellanic Cloud
摘要：
通过斯皮策太空望远镜和赫歇尔太空天文台绘制的整个小麦哲伦云（SMC），我们能够搜索8-250微米的图像，以识别与SMC超新星遗迹（SNR）相关的红外（IR）发射。一个有效的探测必须与已知的X射线，Halpha和无线电发射的SNR相对应。从24个已知的SNR中，我们进行了5个阳性检测，另外5个可能的检测。其中两个探测到的星云与脉冲星或脉冲星风星云有关，另外三个探测到的星云是来自SNRs的扩展星云发射的一部分。我们模拟了尘埃发射，其中快速移动的电子预计碰撞和加热尘埃颗粒，然后在IR中辐射。已知距离（62.44+-0.47kpc），测量的SNR大小，电子密度，来自X射线发射的温度以及氢密度，SMC SNR的建模是简单的。如果氢和电子密度的更高范围被接受，我们将期望几乎所有的SMC SNR在IR中被检测到，至少在24微米处，但实际检测率仅为25%。对这种差异的一个可能的和常见的解释是，小颗粒已经被SNR冲击波破坏了。然而，在氢和电子密度的不确定性，我们发现，红外尘埃发射可以合理地解释，而不调用尘埃破坏。没有确凿的证据表明，信噪比破坏扫起来的ISM灰尘。
英文摘要：
With the entire Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) mapped by the Spitzer Space Telescope and Herschel Space Observatory, we were able to search 8-250 micron images in order to identify infrared (IR) emission associated with SMC supernova remnants (SNRs). A valid detection had to correspond with known X-ray, Halpha and radio emission from the SNRs. From the 24 known SNRs, we made 5 positive detections with another 5 possible detections. Two detections are associated with pulsars or pulsar wind nebula, and another three detections are part of the extended nebulous emission from the SNRs. We modelled dust emission where fast moving electrons are predicted to collide and heat dust grains which then radiate in IR. With known distance (62.44+-0.47kpc), measured SNR sizes, electron densities, temperatures from X-ray emission as well as hydrogen densities, the modelling of SMC SNRs is straightforward. If the higher range of hydrogen and electron densities were to be accepted, we would expect almost all SMC SNRs to be detected in the IR, at least at 24 micron, but the actual detection rate is only 25%. One possible and common explanation for this discrepancy is that small grains have been destroyed by the SNRs shockwave. However, within the uncertainties of hydrogen and electron densities, we find that infrared dust emission can be explained reasonably well, without invoking dust destruction. There is no conclusive evidence that SNRs destroy swept-up ISM dust.
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