Toward early-type eclipsing binaries as extragalactic milestones: IV. Physical properties of three detached O/B-type systems in the LMC
Mónica Taormina, G. Pietrzyński, R. -P. Kudritzki, B. Pilecki, I. B. Thompson, J. Puls, M. Górski, B. Zgirski, D. Graczyk, M. A. Urbaneja, W. Gieren, W. Narloch, G. Hajdu
备注：
16 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
我们给出了大麦哲伦云（LMC）中三个早型食双星系统的一整套物理参数及轨道解，它们是 OGLE LMC-ECL-17660、OGLE LMC-ECL-18794 和 HV 2274。第一个和第三个系统由 B 型星组成，而第二个系统具有 O 型子星并呈现全食。我们进行了综合分析，包括光变曲线与视向速度曲线建模、O-C 分析，以及针对该 O 型系统的额外非 LTE 光谱分析。我们发现 OGLE LMC-ECL-17660 至少是一个三合星系统，并暂定为四合星系统。对于 HV 2274，我们确定了显著的非线性周期减小。其成因尚不清楚，可能源于一颗处于宽轨道上的暗弱低质量伴星。所分析子星的质量范围为 11.7 M⊙ 至 22.1 M⊙，半径为 7.0 R⊙ 至 14.2 R⊙，温度在 22500 K 至 36000 K 之间。对于 HV 2274，我们所得质量和半径的精度比以往研究高约六倍。本系列研究中分析的全部六个系统的子星在质量–光度图和质量–半径图上的位置表明，它们在主序上处于演化较后的阶段。我们的样本显著增进了对质量在 11 M⊙ 至 23 M⊙ 范围内早型星物理参数的认识。文中给出了 LMC 中 O 型和 B 型星的新质量–光度关系。此外，我们利用所测得的这些系统的拱线运动，对观测与理论内部结构常数进行了比较。
英文摘要：
We present a complete set of physical parameters for three early-type eclipsing binary systems in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC): OGLE LMC-ECL-17660, OGLE LMC-ECL-18794, and HV 2274, together with the orbital solutions. The first and third systems comprise B-type stars, while the second has O-type components and exhibits a total eclipse. We performed a complex analysis that included modeling light and radial velocity curves, O-C analysis, and additional non-LTE spectroscopic analysis for the O-type system. We found that OGLE LMC-ECL-17660 is at least a triple and, tentatively, a quadruple. A significant non-linear period decrease was determined for HV 2274. Its origin is unclear, possibly due to a faint, low-mass companion on a wide orbit. The analyzed components have masses ranging from 11.7 M$_\odot$ to 22.1 M$_\odot$, radii from 7.0 R$_\odot$ to 14.2 R$_\odot$, and temperatures between 22500 K and 36000 K. For HV 2274, the precision of our masses and radii is about six times higher than in previous studies. The position of the components of all six systems analyzed in this series on the mass-luminosity and mass-radius diagrams indicates they are evolutionarily advanced on the main sequence. Our sample contributes significantly to the knowledge of physical parameters of early-type stars in the mass range of 11 M$_\odot$ to 23 M$_\odot$. A new mass-luminosity relation for O and B-type stars in the LMC is provided. Additionally, we used the measured apsidal motion of the systems to compare the observational and theoretical internal structure constant.
We combine the NLTE spectral analysis of the detached O-type eclipsing binary OGLE-LMC-ECL-06782 with the analysis of the radial velocity curve and light curve to measure an independent distance to the LMC. In our spectral analysis we study composite spectra of the system at quadrature and use the information from radial velocity and light curve about stellar gravities, radii and component flux ratio to derive effective temperature, reddening, extinction and intrinsic surface brightness. We obtain a distance modulus to the LMC of m - M = 18.53 +/- 0.04 mag. This value is 0.05 mag larger than t…
In this first paper of the series we describe our project to calibrate the distance determination method based on early-type binary systems. The final objective is to measure accurate, geometrical distances to galaxies beyond the Magellanic Clouds with a precision of 2%. We start with the analysis of two early-type systems for which we have collected all the required spectroscopic and photometric data. Apart from catalog publications, these systems have not been studied yet, and it is the first time the modeling of light and radial velocity curves is performed for them. From the analysis we ob…
Toward Early-type Eclipsing Binaries as Extragalactic Milestones: First Calibration of the SBCR from O- and B-type Stars in Detached Eclipsing Binaries
Centrum Astronomiczne im. Mikołaja Kopernika PAN（尼古拉·哥白尼天文中心）；Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii at Manoa（夏威夷大学马诺阿分校天体物理研究所）；LMU München, Universitätssternwarte（慕尼黑大学天文台）
通过校准脱离型食双星中 O- 和 B 型星的 SBCR，研究发现 O 型和 B 型星在 SBCR 上存在显著差异，为 extragalactic 距离测量提供了高精度工具。
We present new FLAMES@VLT spectroscopic observations of 30 stars in the field of the LMC stellar cluster NGC 1866. NGC 1866 is one of the few young and massive globular cluster that is close enough so that its stars can be individually studied in detail. Radial velocities have been used to separate stars belonging to the cluster and to the LMC field and the same spectra have been used to derive chemical abundances for a variety of elements, from [Fe/H] to the light (i.e. Na, O, Mg...) to the heavy ones. The average iron abundance of NGC 1866 turns out to be [Fe/H]= -0.43+-0.01 dex (with a disp…
The recent discovery and analysis of a classical Cepheid in the well detached, double-lined, eclipsing binary OGLE-LMC-CEP0227, has provided the first determination of the dynamical mass of a classical Cepheid variable to an unprecedented 1% accuracy. We show here that modern stellar evolution models widely employed to study Galactic and extragalactic stellar systems, are able to match simultaneously mass and radius (and effective temperature) of the two components with a single value for the age of the system, without any specific fine-tuning. Our conclusion is that there is no discrepancy be…
We report the detection of a black hole (NGC 1850 BH1) in the $\sim$100 Myr-old massive cluster NGC~1850 in the Large Magellanic Cloud. It is in a binary system with a main-sequence turn-off star (4.9 $\pm$ 0.4 M${_\odot}$), which is starting to fill its Roche Lobe and becoming distorted. Using 17 epochs of VLT/MUSE observations we detected radial velocity variations exceeding 300 km/s associated to the target star, linked to the ellipsoidal variations measured by OGLE-IV in the optical bands. Under the assumption of a semi-detached system, the simultaneous modelling of radial velocity and lig…
We search for systems hosting eclipsing discs using a complete sample of eclipsing binaries (EBs); those previously identified in the third phase of the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE-III). Within a subsample of 2,823 high-cadence, high-photometric precision and large eclipsing depth detached EBs previously identified in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), we find that the skewness and kurtosis of the light curves magnitude distribution within the primary eclipse can distinguish EBs hosting a disc from those without. Two systems with previously identified eclipsing discs (OGLE-LM…
This paper presents the first distance measurement to the massive, semi-detached, eclipsing binary LMC-SC1-105, located in the LH 81 association of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). Previously determined parameters of the system are combined with new near-infrared photometry and a new temperature analysis to constrain the reddening toward the system, and determine a distance of 50.6+/-1.6 kpc (corresponding to a distance modulus of 18.52+/-0.07 mag), in agreement with previous eclipsing binary measurements. This is the sixth distance measurement to an eclipsing binary in the LMC, although the …
This paper presents a detailed analysis of the light and radial velocity curves of the semi-detached eclipsing binary system OGLE-LMC-ECL-09937. The system is composed of a hot, massive and luminous primary star of a late-O spectral type, and a more evolved, but less massive and luminous secondary, implying an Algol-type system that underwent a mass transfer episode. We derive masses of 21.04 +/- 0.34 M_Sun and 7.61 +/- 0.09 M_Sun and radii of 9.93 +/- 0.06 R_Sun and 9.18 +/- 0.04 R_Sun, for the primary and the secondary component, respectively, which make it the most massive known Algol-type …
We performed a new and accurate fit of light and radial velocity curves of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) Cepheid --OGLE-LMC-CEP-0227-- belonging to a detached double-lined eclipsing binary system. We computed several sets of nonlinear, convective models covering a broad range in stellar mass, effective temperature and in chemical composition. The comparison between theory and observations indicates that current theoretical framework accounts for luminosity --V and I band-- and radial velocity variations over the entire pulsation cycle. Predicted pulsation mass --M=4.14+-0.06 Mo-- and mean e…
Towards early-type eclipsing binaries as extragalactic milestones: III. Physical properties of the O-type eclipsing binary OGLE LMC-ECL-21568 in a quadruple system
We present an analysis of a new detached eclipsing binary, OGLE-LMC-ECL-25658, in the Large Magellanic Cloud. The system consists of two late G-type giant stars on an eccentric orbit and orbital period of ~200 days. The system shows total eclipses and the components have similar temperatures, making it ideal for a precise distance determination. Using multi-color photometric and high resolution spectroscopic data, we have performed an analysis of light and radial velocity curves simultaneously using the Wilson Devinney code. We derived orbital and physical parameters of the binary with a high …
A high fraction of massive stars are found to be binaries but only a few of them are reported as photometrically variable. By studying the populations of SB2 in the 30 Doradus region, we found a subset of them that have photometry from the OGLE project and that display variations in their light curves related to orbital motions. The goal of this study is to determine the dynamical masses and radii of the 26 binary components to investigate the mass-discrepancy problem and to provide an empirical mass-luminosity relation for the LMC. We use the PHOEBE programme to perform a systematic analysis …
Aims: New CCD observations for semidetached and detached eclipsing binaries from the Large Magellanic Cloud were carried out using the Danish 1.54-m telescope located at the La Silla Observatory in Chile. The selected systems were monitored for their times of minima, which were required to be able to study the period changes taking place in them. In addition, many new times of minima were derived from the photometric surveys OGLE-II, OGLE-III, and MACHO. Methods: The O-C diagrams of minima timings were analysed using the hypothesis of the light-travel time effect, i.e. assuming the orbital mot…
The stellar mass-luminosity relation is poorly constrained by observations for high mass stars. We describe our program to find eclipsing massive binaries in the Magellanic Clouds using photometry of regions rich in massive stars, and our spectroscopic follow-up to obtain radial velocities and orbits. Our photometric campaign identified 48 early-type periodic variables, of which only 15 (31%) were found as part of the microlensing surveys. Spectroscopy is now complete for 17 of these systems, and in this paper we present analysis of the first two, LMC 172231 and ST2-28, simple detached systems…
About a quarter of massive binary stars undergo mass transfer while both stars burn hydrogen at their cores, first on the thermal and then on the nuclear timescale. The nuclear timescale mass transfer leads to observable counterparts: the semi-detached so-called massive Algol binaries. However, comprehensive model predictions for these systems are sparse. We study them using a large grid of ~10,000 detailed binary evolution models calculated with the stellar evolution code MESA, covering initial donor masses between 10-40 M$_{\odot}$ and initial orbital periods above 1.4 d, at a metallicity su…
We present results of new photometry for the globular star cluster NGC 2155 in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). Our I- and V-band observations were obtained with the 6.5-meter Magellan 1 Baade Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory resulting in deep photometry down to V ~ 24 mag. By analyzing the color-magnitude diagram for the cluster and utilizing the Victoria-Regina grid of isochrones models we estimated the age of the cluster at ~ 2.25 Gyr and [Fe/H]=-0.71, the numbers which place NGC 2155 outside the age-gap in the age-metallicity relation for LMC clusters. Using the Difference Image Anal…
We present a catalogue of 1768 eclipsing binary stars (EBs) detected in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) by the second generation of the EROS survey (hereinafter EROS-2); 493 of them are new discoveries located in outer regions (out of the central bar) of the LMC. These sources were originally included in a list of candidate classical Cepheids (CCs) extracted from the EROS-2 catalogue on the basis of the period (0.89 $<P_{EROS}<$15.85 days) versus luminosity ($13.39 < \langle B_{EROS}\rangle<17.82$ mag) diagram. After visual inspection of the light curves we reclassified them as eclipsing bina…
We present a determination of precise fundamental physical parameters of twenty detached, double- lined, eclipsing binary stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) containing G- or early K-type giant stars. Eleven are new systems, the remaining nine are systems already analyzed by our team for which we present updated parameters. The catalogue results from our long-term survey of eclipsing binaries in the Magellanic Clouds suitable for high-precision determination of distances (the Araucaria project). The V-band brightnesses of the systems range from 15.4 mag to 17.7 mag and their orbital peri…
The tenth part of the OGLE-III Catalog of Variable Stars contains 125 Double Periodic Variables (DPVs) from the Large Magellanic Cloud. DPVs are semi-detached binaries which show additional variability with a period around 33 times longer than the orbital period. The cause of this long cycle is not known and previous studies suggest it involves circumbinary matter. We discuss the properties of the whole sample of the LMC DPVs and put more attention to particularly interesting objects which may be crucial for verifying hypothesis explaining long cycle variability. Secondary eclipses of one of t…
We present catalog of 26 121 visually inspected eclipsing binary stars identified in the Large Magellanic Cloud during the third phase of the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment. The sample is limited to the out-of-eclipse brightness I < 20 mag. The catalog consists mostly of detached eclipsing binaries - ellipsoidal variables were not included. For stars brighter than I = 18 mag the detection rate of eclipsing binaries is 0.5% and for all stars it falls to 0.2%. The absolute completeness of the whole catalog is about 15% assuming the occurence rate of EBs toward the LMC equal to 1.5%. Am…
Stable mass transfer from a massive post-main sequence (post-MS) donor is thought to be a short-lived event of thermal-timescale mass transfer which strips the donor star of nearly its entire H-rich envelope, producing a hot helium star. This long-standing picture is based on stellar models with Hertzprung gap (HG) donors. Motivated by a finding that in low-metallicity binaries, post-MS mass transfer may instead be initiated by core-helium burning (CHeB) donors, we use the MESA code to compute grids of detailed massive binary models at three metallicities: Solar and that of the Large and the S…
We present a distance determination to the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) based on an analysis of four detached, long period, late type eclipsing binaries discovered by the OGLE Survey. The components of the binaries show negligible intrinsic variability. A consistent set of stellar parameters was derived with low statistical and systematic uncertainty. The absolute dimensions of the stars are calculated with a precision of better than 3%. The surface brightness - infrared color relation was used to derive the distance to each binary. The four systems clump around a distance modulus of (m - M)=1…
Aims: Our goal was to increase number of known doubly eclipsing systems such that the resulting dataset would allow to study them via statistical means, as well as prove that they constitute gravitationally bound 2+2 quadruple system. Methods: We analysed photometric data for eclipsing binaries provided by the OGLE survey in the LMC fields. We found a large number of new doubly eclipsing systems (our discoveries are 3x more numerous than previous studies). With a typical orbital period of days for the binaries, we sought eclipse time variations (ETVs) on the timescale of years. In the cases wh…
