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arXiv 1201.2684quant-ph
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基于自旋量子比特的环境辅助计量

Environment Assisted Metrology with Spin Qubit

P. Cappellaro, G. Goldstein, J. S. Hodges, L. Jiang, J. R. Maze, A. S. Sørensen, M. D. Lukin

摘要:

我们调查最近提出的精密测量方法的灵敏度[物理评论快报。106,140502(2011)],集中于基于固态自旋系统的实现。该方案通过利用其与环境中的自旋杂质的耦合来放大量子传感器对弱外场的响应。我们分析了由于退相干的灵敏度的限制,并提出了动态解耦方案,以增加自旋相干时间。该方案的灵敏度还受到环境自旋极化的限制,因此我们讨论了消除环境自旋的策略,并提出了一种将该方案推广到零极化情况的方法.相干时间和偏振确定环境的能力的品质因数,以增强与基于回波的感测方案相比的灵敏度。该品质因数可用于设计用于高灵敏度纳米级磁传感的优化样品,例如具有受控杂质密度的金刚石纳米晶体。

英文摘要:

We investigate the sensitivity of a recently proposed method for precision measurement [Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 140502 (2011)], focusing on an implementation based on solid-state spin systems. The scheme amplifies a quantum sensor response to weak external fields by exploiting its coupling to spin impurities in the environment. We analyze the limits to the sensitivity due to decoherence and propose dynamical decoupling schemes to increase the spin coherence time. The sensitivity is also limited by the environment spin polarization; therefore we discuss strategies to polarize the environment spins and present a method to extend the scheme to the case of zero polarization. The coherence time and polarization determine a figure of merit for the environment's ability to enhance the sensitivity compared to echo-based sensing schemes. This figure of merit can be used to engineer optimized samples for high-sensitivity nanoscale magnetic sensing, such as diamond nanocrystals with controlled impurity density.

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