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arXiv 1201.1385astro-ph.EP
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自由浮动行星与恒星-行星对的相互作用

Interaction of free-floating planets with a star-planet pair

Harry Varvoglis, Vasiliki Sgardeli, Kleomenis Tsiganis

摘要:

最近发现的自由漂浮的行星和它们作为天体的理论解释,要么是独立凝聚的,要么是从紧密的星团中的母星喷出的,引入了一种有趣的可能性。也就是说,一些系外行星不是从它们的母恒星的原行星盘凝聚而成的。在这个新奇的场景中,一颗自由漂浮的行星与一个已经存在的行星系相互作用,在一个紧密的星团中产生,并被捕获为一颗新行星。在目前的工作中,我们研究这种相互作用的过程中,通过整合的轨迹行星大小的机构,遇到一个双星系统组成的一个行星大小的行星围绕太阳一样的恒星旋转。为了简化问题,我们假设共面轨道的约束和自由浮动的行星和一个最初的抛物线轨道的自由浮动的行星。通过计算的不确定性指数,一个量,衡量系统的最终状态的依赖性的初始条件的微小变化,我们表明,相互作用的过程是一个分形经典散射。不确定性指数在(0.2-0.3)范围内,并且是时间的递减函数。这样,我们就可以看到,我们为解决这一问题而采用的统计方法是合理的。这种相互作用的最终可能结果只有四种,即飞越,行星交换,捕获或破坏。我们给出了每个结果的概率,作为进入行星质量的函数。我们发现,交换或捕获的概率(在逆行轨道以及逆行轨道和很长一段时间)是不可忽略的,这一事实可能解释未来可能观测到的行星系的轨道是逆行或紧密和高度偏心。

英文摘要:

The recent discovery of free-floating planets and their theoretical interpretation as celestial bodies, either condensed independently or ejected from parent stars in tight clusters, introduced an intriguing possibility. Namely, that some exoplanets are not condensed from the protoplanetary disk of their parent star. In this novel scenario a free-floating planet interacts with an already existing planetary system, created in a tight cluster, and is captured as a new planet. In the present work we study this interaction process by integrating trajectories of planet-sized bodies, which encounter a binary system consisting of a Jupiter-sized planet revolving around a Sun-like star. To simplify the problem we assume coplanar orbits for the bound and the free-floating planet and an initially parabolic orbit for the free-floating planet. By calculating the uncertainty exponent, a quantity that measures the dependence of the final state of the system on small changes of the initial conditions, we show that the interaction process is a fractal classical scattering. The uncertainty exponent is in the range (0.2-0.3) and is a decreasing function of time. In this way we see that the statistical approach we follow to tackle the problem is justified. The possible final outcomes of this interaction are only four, namely flyby, planet exchange, capture or disruption. We give the probability of each outcome as a function of the incoming planet's mass. We find that the probability of exchange or capture (in prograde as well as retrograde orbits and for very long times) is non-negligible, a fact that might explain the possible future observations of planetary systems with orbits that are either retrograde or tight and highly eccentric.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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