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arXiv 1112.0482astro-ph.SR
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外星系中的恒星形成:NGC 1893的日冕性质

Star Formation in the Outer Galaxy: Coronal Properties of NGC 1893

M. Caramazza, G. Micela, L. Prisinzano, S. Sciortino, F. Damiani, F. Favata, J. R. Stauffer, A. Vallenari, S. J. Wolk

摘要:

我们研究了NGC 1893的X射线性质,NGC 1893是一个位于银河系外部(银河系半径\geq 11 kpc)的年轻星团(约1-2百万年),我们预计在星系盘演化和恒星质量分布方面存在差异,以探索其成员的X射线发射,并将其与太阳附近恒星形成区的年轻恒星进行比较。我们分析了5个深钱德拉ACIS-I的观测,总曝光时间为450 ks。用基于IDL的ACIS-Extract程序提取了1021个X射线源的源事件。使用光谱拟合和分位数分析的X射线光谱,我们推导出X射线光度和比较各自的属性的第二类和第三类成员。我们还使用Kolmogorov-Smirnov检验来评估源的可变性,并在光变曲线中识别耀斑。NGC 1893 X射线成员的X射线光度在10^29.5 - 10^31.5 erg/s之间。在相同的热光度下,无盘星在X射线下比有盘星更亮。我们发现1021个光变曲线中有34%出现变化,平均每个光源显示0.16个耀斑。将我们的结果与猎户座星云团的结果进行比较,我们发现,考虑到观测偏差,NGC 1893和猎户座星云团的X射线性质非常相似。NGC 1893的X射线性质不受环境的影响,外星系的恒星星族可能具有与附近恒星形成区相同的日冕性质。X射线光度性质和X射线光度函数似乎是通用的,因此可以用于距离估计和确定恒星性质,正如Feigelson和合作者已经提出的那样。

英文摘要:

We investigate the X-ray properties of NGC 1893, a young cluster (~ 1-2 Myr) in the outer part of the Galaxy (galactic radius \geq 11 kpc) where we expect differences in the disk evolution and in the mass distribution of the stars, to explore the X-ray emission of its members and compare it with that of young stars in star forming regions near to the Sun. We analyze 5 deep Chandra ACIS-I observations with a total exposure time of 450 ks. Source events of the 1021 X-ray sources have been extracted with the IDL-based routine ACIS-Extract. Using spectral fitting and quantile analysis of X-ray spectra, we derive X-ray luminosities and compare the respective properties of Class II and Class III members. We also evaluate the variability of sources using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and we identify flares in the lightcurves. The X-ray luminosity of NGC 1893 X-ray members is in the range 10^29.5 - 10^31.5 erg/s. Diskless stars are brighter in X-rays than disk-bearing stars, given the same bolometric luminosity. We found that 34% of the 1021 lightcurves appear variable and that they show 0.16 flare per source, on average. Comparing our results with those relative to the Orion Nebula Cluster, we find that, accounting for observational biases, the X-ray properties of NGC 1893 and the Orion ones are very similar. The X-ray properties in NGC 1893 are not affected by the environment and the stellar population in the outer Galaxy may have the same coronal properties of nearby star forming regions. The X-ray luminosity properties and the X-ray luminosity function appear to be universal and can therefore be used for distance estimations and for determining stellar properties as already suggested by Feigelson and collaborators.

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