用EUHFORIA和改进的WSA模型重建冠状面空洞区：模型参数的优化
Reconstructing coronal hole areas with EUHFORIA and adapted WSA model: optimising the model parameters
摘要：
采用嵌入EUHFORIA（EUROCHEMIOSPHEROFORECASTING INFORMATION Asset）的WSA模型与EUV观测值进行了比较。根据标准范例冕洞是开放通量的来源，因此，我们使用遥感EUV观测和\textsc{catch}（收集的分析工具冕洞）提取CH地区，并将它们与EUHFORIA模拟的开放通量地区进行比较。从所采用的WSA模型中，我们只采用了位场源表面（PFSS）模型的内部电晕和Schatten电流片（SCS）模型的外部（PFSS+SCS）。PFSS的外边界（称为源表面）的高度$R_{\rm ss}$和SCS的内边界的高度$R_{\rm i}$是影响模拟CH区域的重要参数。我们调查的影响，这两个模型参数可以在建模的结果。我们在区间[1.4，3.2] $R_{\rm \odot}$内以0.1 $R_{\rm \odot}$的步长改变$R_{\rm ss}$，在区间[1.3，2.8] $R_{\rm \odot}$内以相同的步长改变$R_{\rm i}$，条件是$R_{\rm i}<R_{\rm ss}$。这样，我们就有了一组184个模型初始参数，我们评估了所有这些可能的高度对的模型结果。我们的结论是，迄今为止使用的默认高度无法准确地模拟CH区域，需要考虑较低的高度。
英文摘要：
The adopted WSA model embedded in EUHFORIA (EUropean Heliospheric FORecasting Information Asset) is compared to EUV observations. According to the standard paradigm coronal holes are sources of open flux thus we use remote sensing EUV observations and \textsc{catch} (Collection of Analysis Tools for Coronal Holes) to extract CH areas and compare them to the open flux areas modelled by EUHFORIA. From the adopted WSA model we employ only the Potential Field Source Surface (PFSS) model for the inner corona and the Schatten Current Sheet (SCS) model for the outer (PFSS+SCS). The height, $R_{\rm ss}$, of the outer boundary of the PFSS, known as the source surface, and the height, $R_{\rm i}$, of the inner boundary of the SCS are important parameters affecting the modelled CH areas. We investigate the impact the two model parameters can have in the modelled results. We vary $R_{\rm ss}$ within the interval [1.4, 3.2]$R_{\rm \odot}$ with a step of 0.1$R_{\rm \odot}$, and $R_{\rm i}$ within the interval [1.3, 2.8]$R_{\rm \odot}$ with the same step, and the condition that $R_{\rm i}<R_{\rm ss}$. This way we have a set of 184 initial parameters to the model and we assess the model results for all these possible height pairs. We conclude that the default heights used so far fail in modelling accurately CH areas and lower heights need to be considered.
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