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arXiv 1111.6627astro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR
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历史上银河系Ia型超新星遗迹中的尘埃与赫歇尔

Dust in Historical Galactic Type Ia Supernova Remnants with Herschel

H. L. Gomez, C. J. R. Clark, T. Nozawa, O. Krause, E. L. Gomez, M. Matsuura, M. J. Barlow, M. -A. Besel, L. Dunne, W. K. Gear, P. Hargrave, Th. Henning, R. J. I… 展开作者

H. L. Gomez, C. J. R. Clark, T. Nozawa, O. Krause, E. L. Gomez, M. Matsuura, M. J. Barlow, M. -A. Besel, L. Dunne, W. K. Gear, P. Hargrave, Th. Henning, R. J. Ivison, B. Sibthorpe, B. M. Swinyard, R. Wesson

摘要:

星系中星际尘埃的起源还不太清楚,特别是超新星和中低质量恒星的冷恒星风的相对贡献。在这里,我们介绍了历史上年轻超新星遗迹的70- 500微米的赫歇尔PACS和SPIRE测光:开普勒和第谷;两者都被认为是Ia型爆炸事件的遗迹。我们在开普勒的残骸中检测到一个温度为82 K、质量为0.0031Msun的暖尘成分,这与热X射线发射的光学结和细丝在空间上是一致的,这与起源于被残骸的主爆炸波扫过的星周物质的暖尘一致。同样,对于第谷的遗迹,我们探测到了质量为0.0086Msun的90 K温暖尘埃。通过比较热尘埃的空间分布与来自喷出物和扫掠介质的X射线以及来自激波后边缘的Ha发射,我们发现热尘埃是扫掠星际物质的。我们没有发现在大质量恒星的核心坍缩残留物中观察到的质量>0.07Msun的尘埃的冷(25-50 K)成分的证据。这里探测到的温暖或寒冷的尘埃成分在空间上都与超新星喷出物物质不一致。我们比较缺乏观测到的超新星尘埃与理论模型的尘埃形成在Ia型遗迹,预测尘埃质量为0.088(0.017)Msun的喷出物扩展到周围的密度为1(5)cm-3。该模型预测,富含硅和碳的尘埃颗粒将在400年时遇到观测到的尘埃排放的内部边缘,这证实了大多数温暖的尘埃来自于被扫过的星周或星际颗粒(分别为开普勒和第谷)。在喷出物中缺乏冷尘埃颗粒表明,Ia型残留物不会产生大量的富铁尘埃颗粒,并有重要的后果,在喷出物中观察到的“失踪”铁质量。

英文摘要:

The origin of interstellar dust in galaxies is poorly understood, particularly the relative contributions from supernovae and the cool stellar winds of low-intermediate mass stars. Here, we present Herschel PACS and SPIRE photometry at 70-500um of the historical young supernova remnants: Kepler and Tycho; both thought to be the remnants of Type Ia explosion events. We detect a warm dust component in Kepler's remnant with T = 82K and mass 0.0031Msun; this is spatially coincident with thermal X-ray emission optical knots and filaments, consistent with the warm dust originating in the circumstellar material swept up by the primary blast wave of the remnant. Similarly for Tycho's remnant, we detect warm dust at 90K with mass 0.0086Msun. Comparing the spatial distribution of the warm dust with X-rays from the ejecta and swept-up medium, and Ha emission arising from the post-shock edge, we show that the warm dust is swept up interstellar material. We find no evidence of a cool (25-50 K) component of dust with mass >0.07Msun as observed in core-collapse remnants of massive stars. Neither the warm or cold dust components detected here are spatially coincident with supernova ejecta material. We compare the lack of observed supernova dust with a theoretical model of dust formation in Type Ia remnants which predicts dust masses of 0.088(0.017)Msun for ejecta expanding into surrounding densities of 1(5)cm-3. The model predicts that silicon- and carbon-rich dust grains will encounter the interior edge of the observed dust emission at 400 years confirming that the majority of the warm dust originates from swept up circumstellar or interstellar grains (for Kepler and Tycho respectively). The lack of cold dust grains in the ejecta suggests that Type Ia remnants do not produce substantial quantities of iron-rich dust grains and has important consequences for the 'missing' iron mass observed in ejecta.

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