Cosmic microwave background constraints on the duration and timing of reionization from the South Pole Telescope
O. Zahn, C. L. Reichardt, L. Shaw, A. Lidz, K. A. Aird, B. A. Benson, L. E. Bleem, J. E. Carlstrom, C. L. Chang, H. M. Cho, T. M. Crawford, A. T. Crites, T. de … 展开作者
O. Zahn, C. L. Reichardt, L. Shaw, A. Lidz, K. A. Aird, B. A. Benson, L. E. Bleem, J. E. Carlstrom, C. L. Chang, H. M. Cho, T. M. Crawford, A. T. Crites, T. de Haan, M. A. Dobbs, O. Dore, J. Dudley, E. M. George, N. W. Halverson, G. P. Holder, W. L. Holzapfel, S. Hoover, Z. Hou, J. D. Hrubes, M. Joy, R. Keisler, L. Knox, A. T. Lee, E. M. Leitch, M. Lueker, D. Luong-Van, J. J. McMahon, J. Mehl, S. S. Meyer, M. Millea, J. J. Mohr, T. E. Montroy, T. Natoli, S. Padin, T. Plagge, C. Pryke, J. E. Ruhl, K. K. Schaffer, E. Shirokoff, H. G. Spieler, Z. Staniszewski, A. A. Stark, K. Story, A. van Engelen, K. Vanderlinde, J. D. Vieira, R. Williamson
备注:
16 pages, 13 figures, version accepted by ApJ, improved forecast of Herschel-SPT reionization constraints
再电离时代是宇宙学结构形成的里程碑,标志着第一个质量足以产生大量电离光子的物体的诞生。再电离的机制和时间尺度在很大程度上仍然未知。测量嵌入大尺度速度流中的电离气泡的CMB多普勒效应(斑片状动力学Sunyaev-Zel'dovich效应)可以限制再电离的持续时间。当结合大规模的CMB极化测量,电离分数的演变可以推断。使用新的多频数据从南极望远镜(SPT),我们表明,电离部分演变相对较快。对于我们的基本前景模型,我们发现在l=3000时,再电离产生的动力学Sunyaev-Zel'dovich功率在CL为95%时为<= 2.1 μ K^2。使用再电离模拟,我们将其转换为Δ z <= 4.4(95%CL)的再电离持续时间的限制。我们发现,这种约束依赖于假设之间的热Sunyaev-Zel'dovich功率和宇宙红外背景(CIB)的角相关性。引入相关度作为一个自由参数,我们发现kSZ功率的极限减弱到<= 4.9 μ K^2,这意味着Δ z <= 7.9(95% CL)。我们结合的SPT约束的时间再电离与WMAP 7测量的综合光学深度探测宇宙电离的历史。我们发现,在没有tSZ-CIB相关性的假设下,再电离在z > 7.2时以95% CL结束,而在允许相关性时,z>5.8。从完整的SPT数据集结合即将到来的赫歇尔和普朗克数据的改进的约束应该检测到扩展的再电离在> 95%CL提供Δ z >= 4。(略)
英文摘要:
The epoch of reionization is a milestone of cosmological structure formation, marking the birth of the first objects massive enough to yield large numbers of ionizing photons. The mechanism and timescale of reionization remain largely unknown. Measurements of the CMB Doppler effect from ionizing bubbles embedded in large-scale velocity streams (the patchy kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect) can constrain the duration of reionization. When combined with large-scale CMB polarization measurements, the evolution of the ionized fraction can be inferred. Using new multi-frequency data from the South Pole Telescope (SPT), we show that the ionized fraction evolved relatively rapidly. For our basic foreground model, we find the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich power sourced by reionization at l=3000 to be <= 2.1 micro K^2 at 95% CL. Using reionization simulations, we translate this to a limit on the duration of reionization of Delta z <= 4.4 (95% CL). We find that this constraint depends on assumptions about the angular correlation between the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich power and the cosmic infrared background (CIB). Introducing the degree of correlation as a free parameter, we find that the limits on kSZ power weaken to <= 4.9 micro K^2, implying Delta z <= 7.9 (95% CL). We combine the SPT constraint on the duration of reionization with the WMAP7 measurement of the integrated optical depth to probe the cosmic ionization history. We find that reionization ended with 95% CL at z > 7.2 under the assumption of no tSZ-CIB correlation, and z>5.8 when correlations are allowed. Improved constraints from the full SPT data set in conjunction with upcoming Herschel and Planck data should detect extended reionization at >95% CL provided Delta z >= 4. (abbreviated)
On the better constraints from the South Pole Telescope Sunyaev-Zel'dovich galaxy clusters survey: a FoM evaluation for the equation of state of Dark Energy
Multichroic TES Bolometers and Galaxy Cluster Mass Scaling Relations with the South Pole Telescope
南极望远镜(英语:South Pole Telescope)是一个高分辨率的微波频率望远镜,用于观测宇宙微波背景(CMB)。到目前为止,已经在SPT上安装了两台摄像机,对CMB进行了两次调查,第一次是强度调查(SPT-SZ),第二次是强度和偏振调查(SPTpol)。目前正在开发第三代偏振敏感相机(SPT-3G)。本论文介绍了工作跨越所有三个仪器上的SPT。我提出我的工作在时间颠倒的顺序,遵循仪器开发,部署和分析的规范叙述。首先,新的3波段多色过渡边缘传感器(TES)的SPT-3G实验测辐射热计的开发和测试进行了详细说明,其次是频率复用低温读出电子的SPTpol实验的开发和部署,并得出结论与SPT-SZ仪器所采取的数据分析。我描述了一个贝叶斯似然为基础的方法,我开发的测量综合康普顿化(YSZ)的星系团的Sunyaev-Zel 'dovich(SZ)效应,并限制星系团YSZ质量标度关系的发展。
PAPER-64 Constraints on Reionization: The 21cm Power Spectrum at z=8.4
在本文中,我们报告了新的限制,21厘米的宇宙再电离辐射的基础上,135天的观测活动与64个元素的部署唐纳德C。贝克精密阵列探测再电离时代(PAPER)在南非。这项工作扩展了Parsons等人(2014)的工作,具有更多的收集区域,更长的观察周期,改进的基于冗余的校准,最佳条纹率滤波,以及使用最佳二次估计器改进的功率谱分析。结果是在$z = 8.4$的范围$0.15 < k < 0.5h\ {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$内的$Δ^{2}(k)$的新的$2σ$上限为(22.4 mK)$^2$。这比以前的最佳上限提高了三倍。正如我们在即将发表的论文中更深入地讨论的那样(Pober et al. 2015,在准备中),这个上限支持并扩展了以前反对极冷再电离场景的证据。最后,我们讨论了未来21厘米再电离实验的影响,包括新资助的氢时代再电离阵列(HERA)。$\textbf{The limits presented in this paper have been retracted: The erratum can be found in Appendix A.}$
BICEP/Keck XXII: Analysis of the South Pole Atmosphere for CMB Observations
Cardiff University(卡迪夫大学);Stanford University(斯坦福大学);SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory(SLAC国家加速器实验室);University of British Columbia(不列颠哥伦比亚大学);Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian(哈佛与史密森尼天体物理中心);University of New Mexico(新墨西哥大学);California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院);University of Cincinnati(辛辛那提大学);Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院喷气推进实验室);University of Chicago(芝加哥大学)