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arXiv 1111.3355astro-ph.HEastro-ph.COastro-ph.IM
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全爆炸波演化的伽马射线暴余辉标度关系

Gamma-ray burst afterglow scaling relations for the full blast wave evolution

H. J. van Eerten, A. I. MacFadyen

摘要:

我们证明,伽马射线暴余辉光谱和光变曲线可以计算任意的爆炸和辐射参数通过缩放的峰值通量和临界频率连接不同的光谱制度。对于每个射流开度角和观察者角度,仅需要进行一次基线计算。这些计算是使用高分辨率的相对论流体动力学余辉爆炸波模拟,其中包括扩展和减速余辉爆炸波的二维动力学特征进行数值计算。任何光变曲线都可以通过将比例关系应用于基线计算来生成。因此,现在可以完全适合射流破裂的形状,例如在早期X射线和光学频率下。此外,后期的无线电量热法可以得到改进,因为对于任意的爆炸参数,进入塞多夫-泰勒状态的过渡的一般形状现在是已知的,所以在光变曲线中达到塞多夫-泰勒渐近线的确切时刻不再相关。在计算基线时,我们发现同步临界频率和冷却中断频率受射流中断的强烈影响。同步中断的时间斜率迅速下降到陡峭的晚期Sedov-Taylor斜率,而冷却中断先变陡,然后上升,以满足其浅的晚期渐近线的水平。

英文摘要:

We demonstrate that gamma-ray burst afterglow spectra and light curves can be calculated for arbitrary explosion and radiation parameters by scaling the peak flux and the critical frequencies connecting different spectral regimes. Only one baseline calculation needs to be done for each jet opening angle and observer angle. These calculations are done numerically using high-resolution relativistic hydrodynamical afterglow blast wave simulations which include the two-dimensional dynamical features of expanding and decelerating afterglow blast waves. Any light curve can then be generated by applying scaling relations to the baseline calculations. As a result, it is now possible to fully fit for the shape of the jet break, e.g. at early time X-ray and optical frequencies. In addition, late-time radio calorimetry can be improved since the general shape of the transition into the Sedov-Taylor regime is now known for arbitrary explosion parameters so the exact moment when the Sedov-Taylor asymptote is reached in the light curve is no longer relevant. When calculating the baselines, we find that the synchrotron critical frequency and the cooling break frequency are strongly affected by the jet break. The synchrotron break temporal slope quickly drops to the steep late time Sedov-Taylor slope, while the cooling break first steepens then rises to meet the level of its shallow late time asymptote.

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