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arXiv 1111.2235astro-ph.HE
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伽马射线暴瞬发时EQuiTemporal表面的光度演化

The luminosity evolution over the EQuiTemporal Surfaces in the prompt emission of Gamma-Ray Bursts

Carlo Luciano Bianco, Francesco Alessandro Massucci, Remo Ruffini

摘要:

由于膨胀的“火壳”的超相对论速度(洛伦兹伽马因子γ \sim 10 ^2 - 10 ^3),从火壳表面同时发射的光子不会在相同的到达时间到达观测者。在解释伽马射线暴(GRB)时,确定等时面(EQTSS)的性质是至关重要的:在同一到达时间到达观测者的辐射源点的轨迹。在目前的文献中,这种分析只在余辉的最新阶段进行。在这里,我们研究的EQTS的伽玛暴辐射光度的分布,特别注意的即时发射阶段。我们还分析了天空中EQTS表观大小的时间演化。我们使用的解析解的火壳的运动方程和相应的解析表达式的EQTS已在最近的工作,这是有效的完全辐射和绝热动力学。我们发现了一个新的结果,即在瞬发开始时,最明亮的区域是最接近视线的区域。相反,在后期即时发射和早期余辉阶段的最明亮的EQTS区域是最接近可见光区的边界。发射区的这种跃迁可能导致特定的观测特征,即在瞬发发射的上升部分或峰值处的异常光谱演变。我们发现,以及在天空中的EQTS的表观半径的表达式,有效的完全辐射和绝热制度。这些考虑对于伽玛暴瞬发相的理论解释是必不可少的。

英文摘要:

Due to the ultrarelativistic velocity of the expanding "fireshell" (Lorentz gamma factor γ\sim 10^2 - 10^3), photons emitted at the same time from the fireshell surface do not reach the observer at the same arrival time. In interpreting Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) it is crucial to determine the properties of the EQuiTemporal Surfaces (EQTSs): the locus of points which are source of radiation reaching the observer at the same arrival time. In the current literature this analysis is performed only in the latest phases of the afterglow. Here we study the distribution of the GRB bolometric luminosity over the EQTSs, with special attention to the prompt emission phase. We analyze as well the temporal evolution of the EQTS apparent size in the sky. We use the analytic solutions of the equations of motion of the fireshell and the corresponding analytic expressions of the EQTSs which have been presented in recent works and which are valid for both the fully radiative and the adiabatic dynamics. We find the novel result that at the beginning of the prompt emission the most luminous regions of the EQTSs are the ones closest to the line of sight. On the contrary, in the late prompt emission and in the early afterglow phases the most luminous EQTS regions are the ones closest to the boundary of the visible region. This transition in the emitting region may lead to specific observational signatures, i.e. an anomalous spectral evolution, in the rising part or at the peak of the prompt emission. We find as well an expression for the apparent radius of the EQTS in the sky, valid in both the fully radiative and the adiabatic regimes. Such considerations are essential for the theoretical interpretation of the prompt emission phase of GRBs.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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