发表机构
State Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院高能物理研究所粒子天体物理国家重点实验室; 中国科学院大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究在真实结构化喷流场景中，分析伽马射线暴瞬时辐射观测量的红移简并性，发现三类观测量无法打破该简并性，而中心引擎印记时标、主导区外辐射这两类观测量具备打破该简并性的潜力。
AI 中文摘要
我们在真实的结构化喷流场景中，研究伽马射线暴（GRBs）的哪些瞬时辐射观测量携带可识别的红移信息。通过对光子层面的洛伦兹变换和宇宙学变换的分析，我们发现，任何反映主导区辐射的光谱观测量，以及任何反映喷流共动框架物理的时间观测量，都会遭受相同的z-θv简并性；而反映绝对流量或计数率的观测量，也会以不同形式遭受该z-θv简并性。由于本征光度的巨大变化，结合上述三类观测量无法打破该简并性。不过，我们证明另外两类观测量具备打破该简并性的潜力：（i）中心引擎印记的时标，（ii）来自主导区之外的辐射。
英文摘要
We examine which prompt-emission observables of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) carry identifiable redshift information in realistic structured-jet scenarios. By examining the photon-level Lorentz and cosmological transformations, we demonstrate any spectral observable reflecting the dominant-patch emission and any temporal observable reflecting the co-moving frame physics in the jet suffers from the same $z$-$θ_v$ degeneracy. The observable reflecting the absolute flux or count rate will also suffer from this $z$-$θ_v$ degeneracy in a different form. Due to the large variation of the intrinsic luminosity, combining the observables in the above-mentioned three classes cannot break this degeneracy. However, we demonstrate that two other classes of observables contain the potential to break this degeneracy: (i)~central engine-imprinted time scales, (ii)~emission from out of the dominant patch.
Commentsaccepted for publication in ApJ;
