耗散光球中伽马射线暴的瞬发中微子发射：茧的可能贡献
Prompt Neutrino Emission of Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Dissipative Photospheric Scenario Revisited: Possible Contributions from Cocoons
摘要：
高能中微子可能起源于伽马射线暴（GRB）事件的不同阶段。在这项工作中，我们重新讨论了耗散光球的情况下，伽玛暴的即时发射产生的光球半径。同时，可能的耗散机制（例如，内部冲击或磁重联）可以将宇宙射线（CR）加速到超高能量，然后通过强子核和光强子过程产生中微子，这被称为瞬发中微子。本文在自洽的分析框架下，考虑了喷丝茧结构和可能的准直效应，得到了单个伽玛暴的瞬发中微子谱。我们调查了一个可能的中微子信号从茧，这在以前的研究中被忽略了。我们发现，如果一个伽玛暴事件发生在一个Mpc的数量级的距离，有一个很大的机会观察到中微子发射的茧冰立方，这是更有希望比喷流中微子，因为茧的开口角大得多。我们还计算了伽玛暴茧的散射中微子通量，发现它可以与喷流的散射中微子通量相比较。我们的结果与IceCube合作报告的最新结果一致，即在新数据中未发现中微子事件与观测到的GRB之间存在显著相关性（Aartsen et al. 2017）。
英文摘要：
High-energy neutrinos are expected to originate from different stages in a gamma-ray burst (GRB) event. In this work we revisit the dissipative photospheric scenario, in which the GRB prompt emission is produced around the photospheric radius. Meanwhile, possible dissipation mechanisms (e.g., internal shocks or magnetic reconnection) could accelerate cosmic-rays (CRs) to ultra-high energies and then produce neutrinos via hadronuclear and photohadronic processes, which are referred to as prompt neutrinos. In this paper, we obtain the prompt neutrino spectrum of a single GRB within a self-consistent analytical framework, in which the jet-cocoon structure and possible collimation effects are included. We investigate a possible neutrino signal from the cocoon, which has been ignored in the previous studies. We show that if a GRB event happens at a distance of the order of Mpc, there is a great chance to observe the neutrino emission from the cocoon by IceCube, which is even more promising than jet neutrinos since the opening angle of the cocoon is much larger. We also figure out the diffuse neutrino flux of GRB cocoons and find that it could be comparable with that of the jets. Our results are consistent with the latest result reported by the IceCube collaboration that no significant correlation between neutrino events and observed GRBs is seen in the new data (Aartsen et al. 2017).
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