We consider the problem of statistical inference for the effective dynamics of multiscale diffusion processes with (at least) two widely separated characteristic time scales. More precisely, we seek to determine parameters in the effective equation describing the dynamics on the longer diffusive time scale, i.e. in a homogenization framework. We examine the case where both the drift and the diffusion coefficients in the effective dynamics are space-dependent and depend on multiple unknown parameters. It is known that classical estimators, such as Maximum Likelihood and Quadratic Variation of the Path Estimators, fail to obtain reasonable estimates for parameters in the effective dynamics when based on observations of the underlying multiscale diffusion. We propose a novel algorithm for estimating both the drift and diffusion coefficients in the effective dynamics based on a semi-parametric framework. We demonstrate by means of extensive numerical simulations of a number of selected examples that the algorithm performs well when applied to data from a multiscale diffusion. These examples also illustrate that the algorithm can be used effectively to obtain accurate and unbiased estimates.
Parametric estimation for partially hidden diffusion processes sampled at discrete times
对于一个一维扩散过程$X=\{X(t) ; 0\leq t \leq T \}$,我们假设如果$X(t)$低于某个固定且已知的阈值$τ$,则它是隐藏的,否则它是可见的。这意味着一个部分隐藏的扩散过程。本文讨论的问题是在离散抽样方案得到的部分隐扩散过程下,估计漂移系数和扩散系数中的有限维参数。假设采样发生在长度为$h_n$的规则间隔的时间间隔上,使得$n h_n=T$。渐近是当$h_n\to0$、$T\to\infty$和$n h_n^2\to 0$为$n\to\infty$时。证明了漂移系数和扩散系数参数估计的相合性和渐近正态性。
Maximum Likelihood Estimation for Single Particle, Passive Microrheology Data with Drift
生物流体的体积限制和低产量阈值已经导致被动微粒流变学的广泛使用。焊珠位置时间序列(焊珠路径)的均方位移(MSD)统计数据可直接用于确定蠕变柔量[Xu et al(1998)],也可转换用于确定动态储能和损耗模量[Mason & Weitz(1995)]。一个普遍的障碍出现时,有一个非扩散的实验数据漂移。与相对于扩散迁移率的漂移幅度(由Péclet数量化)相一致,MSD统计是失真的,因此必须对路径数据进行漂移“校正”。标准方法是估计并从粒子路径中减去漂移,然后计算MSD统计。我们提出了一种替代的,参数化的方法,使用极大似然估计,同时适合漂移和扩散模型参数的路径数据,MSD统计(因此,遵守和动态模量),然后直接从最佳拟合模型。我们说明和比较这两种方法的模拟路径数据在一个范围内的Péclet数,其中确切的答案是已知的。我们选择分数布朗运动作为数值模型,因为它提供了可调的,亚扩散MSD统计与典型的30秒长,在几种生物流体中的微珠的实验观察一致。最后,我们应用和比较这两种方法的数据从人支气管上皮细胞培养粘液。