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arXiv 1111.1611astro-ph.COgr-qchep-ph
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MOND -特别是作为改进的惯性

MOND--particularly as modified inertia

Mordehai Milgrom

备注：
10 pages. Presented at XXXV International Conference of Theoretical Physics "Matter to the Deepest": Recent Developments in Physics of Fundamental Interactions, Ustron, Poland September 2011
发表信息：
Acta Physica Polonica B vol. 42 (2011) page 2175
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摘要：

在对MOND范式及其现象学和各种基本理论进行了简要回顾之后，我集中讨论了MOND的所谓修改惯性（MI）公式，迄今为止，这些公式只受到很少的关注。这些与所有的MOND理论共享突出的MOND预测，如渐近平坦的旋转曲线，以及普遍的质量-渐近-速度关系。然而，我在这里强调的是，多元智能理论在预测其他现象方面与它们的“修正引力”（MG）亲属有很大的不同。由于MI理论在时间上是非局部的，MOND效应依赖于系统的整个轨迹，而不仅仅是MG理论中的瞬时状态。这可能会导致相当不同的预测，例如，外场效应：一个子系统，如球状星团或矮星系，在母星系或星系团中的星系的场中运动，可能受到外场效应的影响，外场效应取决于整个轨道上的加速度，而不仅仅是瞬时值。而且，甚至有可能在几乎没有EFE的情况下构建多元智能理论。还讨论了可能不同的其他预测。由于我们还没有一个成熟的，修改惯性公式，简单的，启发式的模型已被用来证明这些点。

英文摘要：

After a succinct review of the MOND paradigm--with its phenomenology, and its various underlying theories--I concentrate on so called modified inertia (MI) formulations of MOND, which have so far received only little attention. These share with all MOND theories the salient MOND predictions, such as asymptotically flat rotation curves, and the universal mass-asymptotic-speed relation. My emphasis here is, however, on the fact that MI theories can differ substantially from their "modified-gravity" (MG) kin in predicting other phenomena. Because MI theories are non local in time, MOND effects depend on the full trajectory of a system, not only on its instantaneous state, as in MG theories. This may lead to rather different predictions for, e.g., the external-field effect (EFE): A subsystem, such as a globular cluster or a dwarf galaxy, moving in the field of a mother galaxy, or a galaxy in a cluster, may be subject to an EFE that depends on the accelerations all along its orbit, not only on the instantaneous value. And, it is even possible to construct MI theories with practically no EFE. Other predictions that may differ are also discussed. Since we do not yet have a full fledged, modified-inertia formulation, simple, heuristic models have been used to demonstrate these points.

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