双三脚架位形冷原子的Dresselhaus自旋轨道耦合
Engineering Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling for cold atoms in a double tripod configuration
摘要：
研究了激光耦合三个内能级到一对激发态的双三角拓扑结构冷原子系统中的激光诱导自旋轨道耦合。激光振幅和相位的适当选择产生具有双简并基态的哈密顿量，所述双简并基态通过由原子-光耦合的拉比频率确定的间隙与剩余的“激发”本征态分离。在用Born-Oppenheimer近似消除激发态后，剩余两个态的哈密顿量包含Dresselhaus（或等价Rashba）SO耦合。与先前的提议不同，这里的SO耦合态是两个能量最低的“修饰”自旋态，因此不受碰撞弛豫的影响。最后，我们讨论了我们的系统的具体实施，使用不同的超精细态之间的拉曼跃迁的电子基态流形的核自旋I = 3/2碱原子。
英文摘要：
We study laser induced spin-orbit (SO) coupling in cold atom systems where lasers couple three internal states to a pair of excited states, in a double tripod topology. Proper choice of laser amplitudes and phases produces a Hamiltonian with a doubly degenerate ground state separated from the remaining "excited" eigenstates by gaps determined by the Rabi frequencies of the atom-light coupling. After eliminating the excited states with a Born- Oppenheimer approximation, the Hamiltonian of the remaining two states includes Dresselhaus (or equivalently Rashba) SO coupling. Unlike earlier proposals, here the SO coupled states are the two lowest energy "dressed" spin states and are thus immune to collisional relaxation. Finally, we discuss a specific implementation of our system using Raman transitions between different hyperfine states within the electronic ground state manifold of nuclear spin I = 3/2 alkali atoms.
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