The origin of the supermassive black holes that power the most distant quasars observed is largely unknown. One hypothesis is that they grew rapidly from intermediate-mass seeds (~100 M_sun) left by the first stars. However, some previous studies argued that accretion onto these black holes was too low to build up the mass due to strong suppression by radiative feedback. Here, we re-exam the accretion process of such a black hole embedded in a primordial gas cloud, by considering a wide range of physical and numerical parameters not explored before. We find that, while radiative heating and pressure indeed suppress accretion effectively, self-gravity of the gas eventually overcomes the feedback effects and boosts the accretion to the Eddington rate after one free-fall timescale of the cloud. Moreover, for a given black hole mass, there exists a critical density above which the accretion can reach Eddington limit. Furthermore, we find a universal correlation between black hole accretion rate and ambient gas density, which may serve as a realistic recipe for black hole growth in simulations.
Nucleosynthetic signatures of primordial origin around supermassive black holes
如果原初黑洞(PBH)在高红移类星体的中心播下了超大质量黑洞(SMBH)的种子,那么这些黑洞周围的气体可能揭示了它们原初起源的核合成线索。我们提出的预测改变原始丰度周围的PBH足够大的种子SMBH在z~6-7.5。我们发现,如果初始质量为~10^5 M $_{\odot}$的多环芳烃是造成这种SMBH的原因,那么它们可能会产生原始氘和氦的分数增加>~ 10%,而锂的丰度减少>~ 10%,在离黑洞约1千秒差距的距离上。我们估计,约10^8 M $_{\odot}$的气体至少增加(或减少)了1%。这些修改原始氘,氦,锂丰度的证据可能仍然存在,如果这种circu-PBH气体仍然没有吸积的SMBH和在或附近的宿主星系的高红移类星体。测量丰度异常将具有挑战性,但可以提供一种新的方法来揭示这种SMBH种子的原始起源。
NANOGrav 15-year gravitational-wave signals from binary supermassive black-holes seeded by primordial black holes, and implications for the origins of Little Red Dots
Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI)(高等研究院);High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)(高能加速器研究机构);National Astronomical Observatory of Japan(日本国立天文台);University of Tokyo(东京大学);The University of Tokyo(东京大学)
The swallowed spike: the formation of light primordial black hole structures around heavy seeds
Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC-Universitat de Valéncia(粒子物理研究所(IFIC),西班牙科学研究中心-巴伦西亚大学);Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA, UC-CSIC)(坎塔布里亚物理研究所(IFCA,UC-CSIC));Dipartimento di Fisica E. Fermi, Università di Pisa(比萨大学E.费米物理系);INFN, Sezione di Pisa(意大利国家核物理研究所,比萨分部)
The properties of primordially-seeded black holes and their hosts in the first billion years: implications for JWST
David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto(多伦多大学戴维·A·邓普尔天文与天体物理系);Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen(格罗宁根大学卡普坦天文研究所);Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge(剑桥大学卡弗里宇宙学研究所);Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge(剑桥大学卡文迪许实验室);Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London(伦敦大学学院物理与天文学系)
Primordial Black Holes as Seeds for Extremely Overmassive AGN Observed by JWST
University of Texas at Austin(德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校);Weinberg Institute for Theoretical Physics, Texas Center for Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, University of Texas at Austin(德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校温伯格理论物理研究所、德州宇宙学与天体粒子物理中心);Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge(剑桥大学天文研究所);Universität Heidelberg, Zentrum fur Astronomie, Institut für Theoretische Astrophysik(海德堡大学天文学中心理论天体物理研究所);Department of Astronomy, University of Texas at Austin(德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校天文学系);Max-Planck-Institut für Physik(马克斯·普朗克物理研究所);Arnold Sommerfeld Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität(慕尼黑大学阿诺德·索末菲理论物理中心)
The Road to Normalcy: Environment-Driven Evolutionary Pathways for Primordial Black Holes
University of Texas at Austin(德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校);Weinberg Institute for Theoretical Physics, Texas Center for Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, University of Texas at Austin(韦恩伯格理论物理研究所,德克萨斯宇宙学与天体粒子物理中心,德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校);Cosmic Frontier Center, The University of Texas at Austin(宇宙前沿中心,德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校);Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge(剑桥大学天文研究所);Universität Heidelberg, Zentrum fur Astronomie, Institut für Theoretische Astrophysik(海德堡大学,天文学中心,理论天体物理学研究所);Yale University(耶鲁大学);Black Hole Initiative, Harvard University(黑洞倡议项目,哈佛大学)
Cosmological 21cm line observations to test scenarios of super-Eddington accretion on to black holes being seeds of high-redshifted supermassive black holes
Effects of simulated cosmological magnetic fields on the galaxy population
我们调查的原始磁种子场的强度变化的影响,在理想的磁流体动力学宇宙学模拟与移动网格代码AREPO进行的星系人口的全球性质。我们在计算中改变了种子场,使其值的范围仍然与当前宇宙学的上限相兼容。我们表明,以上的$\simeq 10^{-9}\,{\rm G}$的临界强度,从外地产生的额外的压力强烈影响的气体结构的演变,导致宇宙恒星形成历史的抑制,\rev{which is stronger for larger seed fields. This directly reflects into a lower total galaxy count above a fixed stellar mass threshold at all redshifts, and}一个较低的星系数密度在固定的恒星质量和质量较小的恒星组件在所有质量尺度上固定维里质量。除了现有的方法之外,这些签名可以用于导出对原始磁种子场强度的更严格的约束。
Photon mass new limits from strong photon-torsion coupling generation of primordial magnetic fields
最近Adelberger等人[Phys Rev Lett 98:010402,(2007)]通过研究原始磁场对光子质量进行了限制。早些时候Bertolami等人[物理快报\textbf{B} 455,96(1999)]表明,自发洛伦兹破缺中的大质量光子可能产生与银河发电机种子一致的原始磁场。扭转耦合常数的顺序$10^{-5}$,远远高于以前获得的德Sabbata和Sivaram的$10^{-24}$,导致强烈的放大磁场能够种子星系发电机在重组时代相反,发生在广义相对论发电机。这导致$B\sim{10^{-5}βG}$,其中$β$是大量的光子扭转耦合。因此,为了获得观测到的$B_{G}\sim{μG}$星系场,我们应该有一个在宇宙中从未观测到的耦合$β\sim{10^{-1}}$。因此,我们可以得出结论,扭转与电磁场的较弱耦合,在没有发电机的情况下,只会产生磁场,而发电机是从极强的磁种开始的。从最强的光子扭转考虑一个获得最好的CMB估计扭转产生的磁场$\frac{δB}{B}\le{10^{-4}}$。通过利用这里得到的强光子扭转极限,$m_γ\sim{10^{-24}eV}$的光子质量极限,在文献中发现的范围内,这使我们能够得出结论,更强的质量光子扭转极限是物理上一致的。实际上,这最后一个极限也是引力子质量极限。该结果与Adelberger等人的结果相差两个数量级。
Supermassive black holes from inflation constrained by dark matter substructure
University of Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹大学);Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, University of Tokyo(东京大学宇宙物理数学研究所(Kavli));King’s College London(伦敦国王学院);Yokohama National University(横滨国立大学);University of Toyama(富山大学);Kanazawa University(金泽大学)