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arXiv 1108.6044astro-ph.GA
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膨胀径向速度/膨胀试验

The Bulge Radial Velocity/Abundance Assay

R. Michael Rich

摘要:

膨胀径向速度/绝对速度测定(BRAVA)已经完成了对南银河系膨胀中10,000颗红巨星的调查,大约跨越-8度。<1 < +8度和-3度。<b < -8 °,距离原子核大约1千秒差距的区域。我们发现银河系在b=-4度的球。显示出与固体旋转的明显偏离,并且沿b=-6度的主轴的旋转场。而b=-8度与低纬度的情况相同;这是“圆柱”旋转,是在侧边棒中观察到的标志。BRAVA数据集与N体条的比较显示,>90%的凸起群体在条中,几乎没有为“经典”凸起分量留下空间。我们还报告的第一个铁丰度和组成的测量外凸,在b=-8度。在这个领域的铁丰度下降的趋势,怀疑梯度测量的高分辨率光谱的球团星。此外,我们发现,在低纬度的[α/Fe]与[Fe/H]的趋势,在距离核1 kpc,符合一个快速(<1 Gyr)的时间尺度形成的隆起,即使在其边界附近。虽然动态的凸起是一致的动态屈曲N体酒吧,丰度梯度的存在是不兼容的纯动力学过程,我们建议,失踪重子物理是必要的。我们还报告了显着的巨大的隆起球状星团泰山5,它有一个双峰丰度和成分分布,并提出了作为人口的原始积木恒星系统,形成了隆起的残余。Terzan 5目前是一个独特的案例,重要的是要测试与它类似的系统的溶解是否填充了凸起。

英文摘要:

The Bulge Radial Velocity/Abundance Assay (BRAVA) has accomplished a survey of 10,000 red giants in the Southern Galactic bulge, approximately spanning -8 deg. < l < +8 deg. and -3 deg. <b < -8 deg., a region within roughly 1 kpc from the nucleus. We find that the Galactic bulge at b=-4 deg. displays a clear departure from solid body rotation, and that the rotation field along the major axis at b=-6 deg. and b=-8 deg is identical to that at lower latitude; this is "cylindrical" rotation, a hallmark observed in edge-on bars. Comparison of the BRAVA dataset with an N-body bar shows that >90% of the bulge population is in the bar, leaving little room for a "classical" bulge component. We also report on the first iron abundance and composition measurements in the outer bulge, at b=-8 deg. The iron abundance in this field falls on the trend of a suspected gradient measured from high resolution spectroscopy of bulge clump stars. Further, we find that the trends of [α/Fe] vs [Fe/H] that characterize the bulge at lower latitude are present 1 kpc from the nucleus, consistent with a rapid (<1 Gyr) timescale for the formation of the bulge, even near its boundary. Although the dynamics of the bulge are consistent with those of a dynamically buckled N-body bar, the presence of an abundance gradient is not compatible with purely dynamical processes; we propose that missing baryonic physics is needed. We also report on the remarkable massive bulge globular cluster Terzan 5, which has a bimodal abundance and composition distribution, and is proposed as the remnant of a population of primordial building block stellar systems that formed the bulge. Terzan 5 is presently a unique case, and it is important to test whether the dissolution of systems similar to it populated the bulge.

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