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arXiv 1107.4618astro-ph.CO
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没有恒星形成的红移$z=2$的富集晕:吸积和风情景的意义

Enriched haloes at redshift $z=2$ with no star-formation: Implications for accretion and wind scenarios

N. Bouche, M. T. Murphy, C. Peroux, T. Contini, C. L. Martin, N. M. Forster Schreiber, R. Genzel, D. Lutz, S. Gillessen, L. Tacconi, R. Davies, F. Eisenhauer

摘要:

[摘要]为了了解哪种过程(例如星系风,冷吸积)是造成星系周围冷(T~10^4 K)晕气体的原因,我们开始了一项研究星系恒星形成特性的计划,这些星系是通过类星体光谱中的Mg II吸收特征来选择的。具体来说,我们搜寻了z=2的MgII吸收体(静止坐标系等效宽度EW>2 μ m)附近星系的H-α线发射,因为这些可能是流出或流入的标志。令人惊讶的是,我们检测到H-α从只有4个主机的20个视线(和2出的19个HI选择的视线),尽管达到恒星形成率(SFR)的敏感性限制为2.9 M/年(5西格玛)的夏布里耶初始质量函数。这一低成功率与我们的z=1调查形成对比,其中我们检测到66%(14/21)的MgII宿主。考虑到两次巡天的灵敏度差异,我们应该能够探测到20个z=2的宿主中的11.4个,而我们只发现了4个星系。有趣的是,所有z=2检测到的主机都观察到SFR大于9 M/年,远高于我们的灵敏度极限,而在z=1时,它们都具有SFR小于9 M/年,这一演变与SFR主序列的演变非常一致。此外,我们表明,z=2未检测到的主机并没有隐藏在类星体连续体叠加我们的数据后,他们也不能在我们的调查区域之外。因此,强MgII吸收剂可以追踪低质量晕(Mhalo < 10^{10.6} Msun)中的恒星形成驱动风。另外,我们的结果意味着,z=2的星系跟踪强MgII吸收不形成恒星的速度预期(3- 10 M/年)为他们(晕或恒星)的质量,支持存在的过渡吸积效率在Mhalo ~ 10^{11} Msun。这种情况可以解释检测和未检测。

英文摘要:

[Abridged] In order to understand which process (e.g. galactic winds, cold accretion) is responsible for the cool (T~10^4 K) halo gas around galaxies, we embarked on a program to study the star-formation properties of galaxies selected by their MgII absorption signature in quasar spectra. Specifically, we searched for the H-alpha line emission from galaxies near very strong z=2 MgII absorbers (with rest-frame equivalent width EW>2 Å) because these could be the sign-posts of outflows or inflows. Surprisingly, we detect H-alpha from only 4 hosts out of 20 sight-lines (and 2 out of the 19 HI-selected sight-lines), despite reaching a star-formation rate (SFR) sensitivity limit of 2.9 M/yr (5-sigma) for a Chabrier initial mass function. This low success rate is in contrast with our z=1 survey where we detected 66%\ (14/21) of the MgII hosts. Taking into account the difference in sensitivity between the two surveys, we should have been able to detect >11.4 of the 20 z=2 hosts whereas we found only 4 galaxies. Interestingly, all the z=2 detected hosts have observed SFR greater than 9 M/yr, well above our sensitivity limit, while at z=1 they all have SFR less than 9 M/yr, an evolution that is in good agreement with the evolution of the SFR main sequence. Moreover, we show that the z=2 undetected hosts are not hidden under the quasar continuum after stacking our data and that they also cannot be outside our surveyed area. Hence, strong MgII absorbers could trace star-formation driven winds in low-mass halos (Mhalo < 10^{10.6} Msun). Alternatively, our results imply that z=2 galaxies traced by strong MgII absorbers do not form stars at a rate expected (3--10 M/yr) for their (halo or stellar) masses, supporting the existence of a transition in accretion efficiency at Mhalo ~ 10^{11} Msun. This scenario can explain both the detections and the non-detections.

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