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arXiv 1107.1994astro-ph.SR
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Herbig Ae/Be星近红外H2辐射的观测:来自HD 97048和HD 100546外盘的辐射

A survey for near-infrared H2 emission in Herbig Ae/Be stars: emission from the outer disks of HD 97048 and HD 100546

A. Carmona, G. van der Plas, M. E. van den Ancker, M. Audard, L. B. F. M Waters, D. Fedele, B. Acke, E. Pantin

摘要:

我们报告了利用CRIRES,ESO-VLT近红外高分辨率摄谱仪,在R~ 90,000处,在15颗赫比格Ae/Be星的样品中,在2.12,2.22和2.25微米处灵敏地搜索H2 1-0 S(1),1-0 S(0)和2-1 S(1)振转发射。我们探测到H2 1-0 S(1)线朝向HD 100546和HD 97048。在其他13个目标中,未检测到该线。H2 1-0 S(0)和2-1 S(1)线在所有源中都未检测到。这是HD 100546中首次检测到近红外H2发射。在HD 100546和HD 97048中观测到的H2 1-0 S(1)线的速度与两颗恒星的静止速度一致,这表明它们是在星周盘中产生的。在HD 97048中,发射是空间分辨的,并且观察到至少延伸到200 AU。我们报告了一个数量级的增加,在H2 1-0 S(1)线通量相对于以前的测量在2003年为这颗恒星,这表明线的变化。在HD 100546中,发射是暂时性空间分辨的,并且可以延伸到至少50 AU。对H2 1-0 S(1)谱线轮廓及其空间范围的平开普勒圆盘模型表明,大部分辐射产生于半径>5 AU的区域。HD 97048中H2 1-0 S(0)/ 1-0 S(1)和H2 2-1 S(1)/1-0 S(1)谱线比率的上限与T>2000 K时的H2气体一致,表明观察到的发射可能是由X射线激发产生的。HD 100546的线比上限尚无定论。由于H2排放位于大半径处,因此对于两个源,热排放情景(即,与尘埃碰撞加热的气体)是不可信的。我们认为,在大半径的H2发射的观测可能是半径>5 AU的扩展盘大气的指示。这可以解释为一个静压盘,其中气体和灰尘是热解耦或由光蒸发引起的盘风。

英文摘要:

We report on a sensitive search for H2 1-0 S(1), 1-0 S(0) and 2-1 S(1) ro-vibrational emission at 2.12, 2.22 and 2.25 micron in a sample of 15 Herbig Ae/Be stars employing CRIRES, the ESO-VLT near-infrared high-resolution spectrograph, at R~90,000. We detect the H2 1-0 S(1) line toward HD 100546 and HD 97048. In the other 13 targets, the line is not detected. The H2 1-0 S(0) and 2-1 S(1) lines are undetected in all sources. This is the first detection of near-IR H2 emission in HD 100546. The H2 1-0 S(1) lines observed in HD 100546 and HD 97048 are observed at a velocity consistent with the rest velocity of both stars, suggesting that they are produced in the circumstellar disk. In HD 97048, the emission is spatially resolved and it is observed to extend at least up to 200 AU. We report an increase of one order of magnitude in the H2 1-0 S(1) line flux with respect to previous measurements taken in 2003 for this star, which suggests line variability. In HD 100546 the emission is tentatively spatially resolved and may extend at least up to 50 AU. Modeling of the H2 1-0 S(1) line profiles and their spatial extent with flat keplerian disks shows that most of the emission is produced at a radius >5 AU. Upper limits to the H2 1-0 S(0)/ 1-0 S(1) and H2 2-1 S(1)/1-0 S(1) line ratios in HD 97048 are consistent with H2 gas at T>2000 K and suggest that the emission observed may be produced by X-ray excitation. The upper limits for the line ratios for HD 100546 are inconclusive. Because the H2 emission is located at large radii, for both sources a thermal emission scenario (i.e., gas heated by collisions with dust) is implausible. We argue that the observation of H2 emission at large radii may be indicative of an extended disk atmosphere at radii >5 AU. This may be explained by a hydrostatic disk in which gas and dust are thermally decoupled or by a disk wind caused by photoevaporation.

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