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arXiv 1107.0891cond-mat.str-elmath-phmath.MP
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2+1维中的规范不变性、关联费米子和光子质量

Gauge invariance, correlated fermions, and photon mass in 2+1 dimensions

Jonas de Woul, Edwin Langmann

摘要:

我们提出了一个2+1维的量子规范理论,它具有关联的费米子,是玻色化精确可解的。该模型描述了一个系统的Luttinger液体传播的两组等距线形成一个网格嵌入在二维连续空间中,该系统具有二维字符,由于密度-密度相互作用,并由于耦合到动态光子在连续的嵌入空间中传播。我们认为,这个模型给出了一个有效的描述部分带隙的费米子在一个正方形的晶格,有密度-密度相互作用,并耦合到光子。我们的结果包括以下几个方面:经过非平凡的重正化的耦合参数,该模型仍然很好地定义在量子场论的限制,网格的线成为一个连续的;在这个模型中的光子是大量的规范不变的正常有序,类似于在Schwinger模型;该模型的确切的激发光谱有两个带隙和一个无隙模式。

英文摘要:

We present a 2+1 dimensional quantum gauge theory with correlated fermions that is exactly solvable by bosonization. This model describes a system of Luttinger liquids propagating on two sets of equidistant lines forming a grid embedded in two dimensional continuum space; this system has two dimensional character due to density-density interactions and due to a coupling to dynamical photons propagating in the continuous embedding space. We argue that this model gives an effective description of partially gapped fermions on a square lattice that have density-density interactions and are coupled to photons. Our results include the following: after non-trivial renormalizations of the coupling parameters, the model remains well-defined in the quantum field theory limit as the grid of lines becomes a continuum; the photons in this model are massive due to gauge-invariant normal-ordering, similarly as in the Schwinger model; the exact excitation spectrum of the model has two gapped and one gapless mode.

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