剖析高质量恒星形成区;追溯其复杂的形成历史
Dissecting high-mass star-forming regions; tracing back their complex formation history
摘要：
我们提出了近红外JHKs成像以及K波段多目标光谱的大质量恒星内容的W3主使用LUCI在LBT。通过W3主星的吸收线光谱确认了13颗OB星，发现了O 5V和B4 V之间的光谱类型，通过发射线光谱和近红外余光谱确认了3个大质量年轻天体。从我们的分光光度分析的大质量恒星和它们周围的HII地区的性质，我们得出的W3主的演化序列，我们发现的证据，年龄蔓延至少2-3百万年。虽然最大质量的恒星（IRS 2）已经演变，高质量的前主序星演化的迹象被发现的另一颗恒星（IRS N1），深深地嵌入在一个超紧凑的HII区域，在相应的HII区域观察到的不同的演化阶段。我们已经检测到OB星的光球从更发达的弥漫HII区域到更年轻的UCHII区域，这表明OB星已经完成了它们的形成，并非常快地清除了它们可能的星周盘。只有在超致密的HII区（IRS 5），早期型恒星仍然被星周物质所包围。
英文摘要：
We present near-infrared JHKs imaging as well as K-band multi-object spectroscopy of the massive stellar content of W3 Main using LUCI at the LBT. We confirm 13 OB stars by their absorption line spectra in W3 Main and spectral types between O5V and B4V have been found. Three massive Young Stellar Objects are identified by their emission line spectra and near-infrared excess. From our spectrophotometric analysis of the massive stars and the nature of their surrounding HII regions we derive the evolutionary sequence of W3 Main and we find evidence of an age spread of at least 2-3 Myr. While the most massive star (IRS2) is already evolved, indications for high-mass pre--main-sequence evolution is found for another star (IRS N1), deeply embedded in an ultra compact HII region, in line with the different evolutionary phases observed in the corresponding HII regions. We have detected the photospheres of OB stars from the more evolved diffuse HII region to the much younger UCHII regions, suggesting that the OB stars have finished their formation and cleared away their possible circumstellar disks very fast. Only in the hyper-compact HII region (IRS5), the early type stars are still surrounded by circumstellar material.
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