感染原的性质：朊病毒病抗性物种的PrP模型（狗、兔和马）
The nature of the infectious agents: PrP models of resistant species to prion diseases (dog, rabbit and horses)
摘要：
朊病毒疾病是影响人类和动物的致命性和高度传染性的神经退行性疾病。目前还没有有效的治疗方法来治疗所有这些朊病毒疾病。2008年，学术上首次报道了包括狗（犬属）在内的犬科哺乳动物对朊病毒疾病具有抗性（Vaccine 26：2601- 2614（2008））。兔是已知对来自其他物种的朊病毒疾病的感染具有抗性的哺乳动物物种（Journal of Virology 77：2003- 2009（2003））。据报道，马也对朊病毒疾病具有抗性（Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 107：19808- 19813（2010））。到目前为止，狗、兔和马朊病毒蛋白的所有NMR结构已分别于2005年、2007年和2010年发布到蛋白质数据库中（Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 102：640- 645（2005），Journal of Biomolecular NMR 38：181（2007），Journal of Molecular Biology 400：121- 128（2010））。因此，研究马、狗和兔朊蛋白的核磁共振分子结构，对了解它们的免疫性朊蛋白病具有重要意义。本文报道了野生型马、狗和兔朊病毒蛋白的分子结构动力学研究结果。狗和马的朊病毒蛋白在中性或低pH环境下都具有稳定的分子结构。兔朊蛋白在中性pH环境下具有稳定的分子结构，但在低pH环境下不具有结构稳定性。在低pH环境下，盐桥如D177-R163断裂，导致稳定的$α$ -螺旋分子结构崩溃。
英文摘要：
Prion diseases are invariably fatal and highly infectious neurodegenerative diseases affecting humans and animals. By now there have not been some effective therapeutic approaches to treat all these prion diseases. In 2008, canine mammals including dogs (canis familials) were the first time academically reported to be resistant to prion diseases (Vaccine 26: 2601--2614 (2008)). Rabbits are the mammalian species known to be resistant to infection from prion diseases from other species (Journal of Virology 77: 2003--2009 (2003)). Horses were reported to be resistant to prion diseases too (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 107: 19808--19813 (2010)). By now all the NMR structures of dog, rabbit and horse prion proteins had been released into protein data bank respectively in 2005, 2007 and 2010 (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 102: 640--645 (2005), Journal of Biomolecular NMR 38:181 (2007), Journal of Molecular Biology 400: 121--128 (2010)). Thus, at this moment it is very worth studying the NMR molecular structures of horse, dog and rabbit prion proteins to obtain insights into their immunity prion diseases. This article reports the findings of the molecular structural dynamics of wild-type horse, dog, and rabbit prion proteins. The dog and horse prion proteins have stable molecular structures whether under neutral or low pH environments. Rabbit prion protein has been found having stable molecular structures under neutral pH environment, but without structural stability under low pH environment. Under low pH environment, the salt bridges such as D177--R163 were broken and caused the collapse of the stable $α$-helical molecular structures.
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