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arXiv 1105.2620astro-ph.EP
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太阳系诞生时Al-26的不均匀分布

Heterogeneous distribution of Al-26 at the birth of the Solar System

Kentaro Makide, Kazuhide Nagashima, Alexander N. Krot, Gary R. Huss, Fred J. Ciesla, Eric Hellebrand, Eric Gaidos, Le Yang

摘要:

据信Al-26是一种寿命短(t1/2 = 0.73 Ma)现已灭绝的放射性核素,它均匀地分布在新生的太阳系中,初始Al-26/Al-27比值约为5.2 \times 10-5,表明它来自外部恒星。然而,Al-26的恒星来源和它注入太阳系的方式仍然存在争议:Al-26可能是由渐近巨星分支星、超新星或沃尔夫-拉叶星产生的,并注入原太阳分子云或原行星盘。刚玉(Al 2 O3)是太阳能成分的冷却气体的第一个冷凝物。在这里,我们发现,从富含O-16的气体(大三角洲O-17 ~ -25%)的太阳组成的微米级的Al 26冷凝物记录在太阳系诞生时的Al-26的不均匀分布:推断的初始Al-26/Al-27比范围从~6.5x10-5到<2x 10 -6; ~50%的测量的Al 26颗粒是贫Al-26。其他贫Al-26、富O-16的难熔物质包括CH榴辉岩中的富钙铝包体(CAIs)、CM榴辉岩中的板状黑云母晶体和CV、CO和CR榴辉岩中的FUN(分馏和未识别的核同位素异常)CAIs。考虑到太阳系中富含O-16的难熔固体凝结的时间明显较早且持续时间较短(<0.3 Ma),我们推断Al-26是注入到坍缩的原太阳分子云,然后在原行星盘中均匀化的。Al-26丰度与沙粒O同位素组成之间缺乏明显的相关性,这对太阳系中Al-26的恒星来源提出了重要的限制。

英文摘要:

It is believed that Al-26, a short-lived (t1/2 = 0.73 Ma) and now extinct radionuclide, was uniformly distributed in the nascent Solar System with the initial Al-26/Al-27 ratio of ~5.2\times10-5, suggesting its external stellar origin. However, the stellar source of Al-26 and the manner in which it was injected into the solar system remain controversial: the Al-26 could have been produced by an asymptotic giant branch star, a supernova, or a Wolf-Rayet star and injected either into the protosolar molecular cloud or protoplanetary disk. Corundum (Al2O3) is thermodynamically predicted to be the first condensate from a cooling gas of solar composition. Here we show that micron-sized corundum condensates from O-16-rich gas (Big Delta O-17 ~ -25%) of solar composition recorded heterogeneous distribution of Al-26 at the birth of the solar system: the inferred initial Al-26/Al-27 ratio ranges from ~6.5x10-5 to <2x10-6; ~50% of the corundum grains measured are Al-26-poor. Other Al-26-poor, O-16-rich refractory objects include grossite (CaAl4O7)- and hibonite(CaAl12O19)-rich calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) in CH chondrites, platy hibonite crystals in CM chondrites, and FUN (fractionation and unidentified nuclear isotopic anomalies) CAIs in CV, CO, and CR chondrites. Considering the apparently early and short duration (<0.3 Ma) of condensation of refractory O-16-rich solids in the solar system, we infer that Al-26 was injected into the collapsing protosolar molecular cloud and later homogenized in the protoplanetary disk. The apparent lack of correlation between Al-26 abundance and O-isotope compositions of corundum grains put important constraints on the stellar source of Al-26 in the solar system.

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