It is believed that Al-26, a short-lived (t1/2 = 0.73 Ma) and now extinct radionuclide, was uniformly distributed in the nascent Solar System with the initial Al-26/Al-27 ratio of ~5.2\times10-5, suggesting its external stellar origin. However, the stellar source of Al-26 and the manner in which it was injected into the solar system remain controversial: the Al-26 could have been produced by an asymptotic giant branch star, a supernova, or a Wolf-Rayet star and injected either into the protosolar molecular cloud or protoplanetary disk. Corundum (Al2O3) is thermodynamically predicted to be the first condensate from a cooling gas of solar composition. Here we show that micron-sized corundum condensates from O-16-rich gas (Big Delta O-17 ~ -25%) of solar composition recorded heterogeneous distribution of Al-26 at the birth of the solar system: the inferred initial Al-26/Al-27 ratio ranges from ~6.5x10-5 to <2x10-6; ~50% of the corundum grains measured are Al-26-poor. Other Al-26-poor, O-16-rich refractory objects include grossite (CaAl4O7)- and hibonite(CaAl12O19)-rich calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) in CH chondrites, platy hibonite crystals in CM chondrites, and FUN (fractionation and unidentified nuclear isotopic anomalies) CAIs in CV, CO, and CR chondrites. Considering the apparently early and short duration (<0.3 Ma) of condensation of refractory O-16-rich solids in the solar system, we infer that Al-26 was injected into the collapsing protosolar molecular cloud and later homogenized in the protoplanetary disk. The apparent lack of correlation between Al-26 abundance and O-isotope compositions of corundum grains put important constraints on the stellar source of Al-26 in the solar system.
Effect of Different Stellar Galactic Environments on Planetary Discs I: The Solar Neighbourhood and the Birth Cloud of the Sun
我们计算了轨道,距离和时间的最接近太阳的恒星在太阳附近的已知位置,径向速度和自行。为此,我们使用了一个完整的银河系势能模型,它再现了银河系的局部z力、奥尔特常数、局部逃逸速度和旋转曲线。从我们的样本中,我们构造了初始条件,在观测的不确定性,与蒙特卡罗计划的12个最可疑的候选人,因为他们的小切向运动。我们发现,恒星Gliese 710将有最接近太阳的方法,在未来1.36百万年的距离约为0.34 pc。我们表明,一个代表太阳系的100 AU的测试粒子盘上的格利泽710的特性的飞越的影响是可以忽略不计的。然而,由于缺乏太阳附近大部分恒星的6D数据,可能存在更接近的方法。我们计算的参数,通过恒星,将导致明显的影响,太阳盘。关于太阳的诞生云,我们进行了实验,以大致再现观测到的轨道参数,如柯伊伯带的偏心率和倾角。现在我们知道,在银河系的环境中,例如恒星形成区,新生恒星的恒星密度足够高,可以在200天文单位内产生近距离相遇。此外,在这些银河系环境中,速度色散相对较低,通常约为1-3 km s-1。我们发现,在这些区域的典型情况下,速度色散约为1 km s-1,接近距离约为150 AU,我们近似地获得了当前太阳系中所见的偏心率和倾角。简单的分析计算恒星相遇对奥尔特云的影响。
Extremely $^{54}$Cr- and $^{50}$Ti-rich presolar oxide grains in a primitive meteorite: Formation in rare types of supernovae and implications for the astrophysical context of solar system birth
Insights into the Exoplanet Radius Valley from Host-Star Ages, Activity, Chemistry, and Birth Radius
School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University(杭州电子科技大学理学院);National Astronomical Data Center Zhijiang Branch(国家天文台紫江分中心);CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院国家天文台光学天文重点实验室);Department of Astronomy, The Ohio State University(俄亥俄州立大学天文学系);Center for Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (CCAPP), The Ohio State University(俄亥俄州立大学宇宙学与高能粒子物理中心);School of Physics and Astronomy, Beijing Normal University(北京师范大学物理与天文学院);School of Science, Xichang University(西昌学院理学院)
Exploring the Sun's birth radius and the distribution of planet building blocks in the Milky Way galaxy: A multi-zone Galactic chemical evolution approach
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile(智利天主教 Pontificia 大学);Universidad de Alcalá(阿尔卡拉大学);Centro de Astrobiología (CAB) CSIC-INTA(天体生物学中心(CAB)西班牙高等科学研究理事会-国家航空航天技术研究所);Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences(波兰科学院尼古拉·哥白尼天文台)
Photometry of outer Solar System objects from the Dark Energy Survey II: a joint analysis of trans-Neptunian absolute magnitudes, colors, lightcurves and dynamics
Inclination Excitation of Solar System Debris Disk due to Stellar Flybys
大多数恒星形成于星团中,在星团中与其他恒星相对近距离的相遇是很常见的,并且可以在行星系的轨道结构上留下印记。在本文中,我们调查的倾斜激励的碎片盘粒子由于这样的恒星遭遇。我们推导出一个解析表达式,描述倾斜激发的恒星飞越是遥远的层次限制。然后,我们得到相应的粒子倾角分布在非分级制度使用一个大的合奏N体模拟的数值结果。对于遇到预期的参数,我们发现,磁盘粒子的散装倾角仍然很低。然而,一个独特的高倾角人口产生的天体碰撞粒子的最终近心距离以上$50$ AU。最大程度$i_t$的倾角分布规模与遇到$\sin(i_s)$的大质量恒星飞掠低入射速度的倾角。观测到的海王星外天体的倾角分布对我们太阳系的动力学历史产生了限制。例如,这些结果意味着太阳诞生星团的数密度$n$和太阳停留时间$τ$的乘积的上限,其形式为$nτ\lesssim8\times10^4$ Myr pc $^{-3}$。随着今后对外太阳系的观测调查,可以得出更强的限制。
Bridging stellar evolution and planet formation: from birth, to survivors of the fittest, to the second generation of planets
European Southern Observatory(欧洲南方天文台);KU Leuven(荷语鲁汶大学);Chalmers University of Technology(查尔姆斯理工大学);Macquarie University(麦考瑞大学);Georgia State University(佐治亚州立大学);University of Exeter(埃克塞特大学);Konkoly Observatory(孔科利天文台);Côte d’Azur Observatory(蔚蓝海岸天文台);Universidad de Chile(智利大学)