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arXiv 1104.5633cond-mat.quant-gas
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合成非阿贝尔规范场诱导的BCS-BEC交叉

BCS-BEC crossover induced by a synthetic non-Abelian gauge field

Jayantha P. Vyasanakere, Shizhong Zhang, Vijay B. Shenoy

摘要:

本文研究了在均匀非阿贝尔规范场存在下,有限密度的相互作用自旋-$ρ\sim \kf^3$费米子(3D)的基态。由矢量$\blam \equiv (λ_x, λ_y, λ_z)$描述的规范场组态(GFC)产生了广义Rashba自旋轨道相互作用,其大小决定了规范场耦合强度。对于由小的负散射长度$(\kf |\as| \lesssim 1)$描述的单重态通道中的弱吸引相互作用,在没有规范场($λ=0$)的情况下,基态是具有大的重叠对的BCS(Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer)超流体.随着规范场耦合强度的增加,非阿贝尔规范场在自由真空中产生BCS基态到玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚BEC(Bose-Einstein condensation)基态的交叉,即使在弱吸引相互作用下也不能产生两体束缚态.对于大规范耦合$(λ/\kf \gg 1)$,得到的BEC是玻色子的凝聚体,其性质仅由规范场决定(而不是由散射长度决定,只要它不为零)-我们称这些玻色子为“rashbons”。在没有相互作用($\as = 0^-$)的情况下,系统费米面的形状在临界规范耦合$λ_T$处经历拓扑转变。对于高对称性的规范场组态,我们证明了从BCS超流到Rashbon BEC的过渡发生在$λ_T$附近的$λ$区.在冷原子系统的背景下,这项工作提出了一个有趣的建议,通过一条路线,而不是调整费米子之间的相互作用获得BCS-BEC交叉。

英文摘要:

We investigate the ground state of interacting spin-$\half$ fermions (3D) at a finite density ($ρ\sim \kf^3$) in the presence of a uniform non-Abelian gauge field. The gauge field configuration (GFC) described by a vector $\blam \equiv (λ_x, λ_y, λ_z)$, whose magnitude $λ$ determines the gauge coupling strength, generates a generalized Rashba spin-orbit interaction. For a weak attractive interaction in the singlet channel described by a small negative scattering length $(\kf |\as| \lesssim 1)$, the ground state in the absence of the gauge field ($λ=0$) is a BCS (Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer) superfluid with large overlapping pairs. With increasing gauge coupling strength, a non-Abelian gauge field engenders a crossover of this BCS ground state to a BEC (Bose-Einstein condensate) ground state of bosons even with a weak attractive interaction that fails to produce a two-body bound state in free vacuum. For large gauge couplings $(λ/\kf \gg 1)$, the BEC attained is a condensate of bosons whose properties are solely determined by the gauge field (and not by the scattering length so long as it is non-zero) -- we call these bosons "rashbons". In the absence of interactions ($\as = 0^-$), the shape of the Fermi surface of the system undergoes a topological transition at a critical gauge coupling $λ_T$. For high symmetry gauge field configurations we show that the crossover from the BCS superfluid to the rashbon BEC occurs in the regime of $λ$ near $λ_T$. In the context of cold atomic systems, this work makes an interesting suggestion of obtaining BCS-BEC crossover through a route other than tuning the interaction between the fermions.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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