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arXiv 1104.4830astro-ph.SR
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第24太阳活动周的半球螺旋度趋势

Hemispheric Helicity Trend for Solar Cycle 24

Juan Hao, Mei Zhang

摘要:

利用日本日之出卫星上的分光偏振仪(SP)获得的矢量磁图,研究了23周下降相和24周上升相64个活动区的两个螺旋度参数(局地螺旋度和海流螺旋度)。我们的分析给出了以下结果。(1)太阳活动周期24的34个活动区遵循所谓的半球螺旋度规则,而太阳活动周期23的30个活动区则不遵循。(2)当将所有64个活跃区域合并为一个样本时,它们与大多数其他观测一样遵循半球螺旋度符号规则。(3)尽管SP/Hinode给出了迄今为止最精确的矢量磁场测量结果,但对于大散射体,该规则仍然很弱。(4)这些数据显示了强场和弱场之间不同螺旋度符号的证据,证实了以前从大样本地面观测中得出的结果。(5)用两个太阳黑子的例子,我们发现螺旋度参数从内本影到外半影的符号是变化的,其中半影的符号与活动区的符号一致。从这些结果中,我们推测,西格玛效应(湍流对流)和发电机的螺旋度的产生作出了贡献,而在这两种情况下,在对流区的湍流发挥了重要作用。

英文摘要:

Using vector magnetograms obtained with the Spectro-polarimeter (SP) on aboard Hinode satellite, we studied two helicity parameters (local twist and current helicity) of 64 active regions occurred in the descending phase of solar cycle 23 and the ascending phase of solar cycle 24. Our analysis gives the following results. (1) The 34 active regions of the solar cycle 24 follow the so-called hemispheric helicity rule, whereas the 30 active regions of the solar cycle 23 do not. (2) When combining all 64 active regions as one sample, they follow the hemispheric helicity sign rule as in most other observations. (3) Despite with the so-far most accurate measurement of vector magnetic field given by SP/Hinode, the rule is still weak with large scatters. (4) The data show evidence of different helicity signs between strong and weak fields, confirming previous result from a large sample of ground-based observations. (5) With two example sunspots we show that the helicity parameters change sign from the inner umbra to the outer penumbra, where the sign of penumbra agrees with the sign of the active region as a whole. From these results, we speculate that both the Sigma-effect (turbulent convection) and the dynamo have contributed in the generation of helicity, whereas in both cases turbulence in the convection zone has played a significant role.

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