次表层经向流、涡度与太阳活动区的寿命
Sub-Surface Meridional flow, Vorticity and the life time of Solar Active Regions
摘要：
太阳次表层流体拓扑学提供了一种间接的方法来研究活动区（ARs）的内部特征。早期的研究已经揭示了在具有复杂磁场的AR内部强流的普遍性。利用全球振荡网络组（GONG）项目获得的74个ARs样本的多普勒数据，我们发现在耀斑生产ARs中存在1.5至5 Mm深度范围内的纬向速度陡梯度。这些AR的样本取自1980- 2052年卡林顿轮换，涵盖2001年8月至2007年1月。梯度显示了北（南）半球负（正）符号的有趣的半球趋势，即，朝向赤道。我们已经发现了三个剪切层在0 - 10毫米的深度范围内，提供了一个复杂的流动结构在几个AR的证据。从我们的分析得出的一个重要推论是，最深的零垂直涡度的位置与剩余寿命的AR。这一新发现可以作为预测AR预期寿命的工具。
英文摘要：
Solar sub-surface fluid topology provides an indirect approach to examine the internal characteristics of active regions (ARs). Earlier studies have revealed the prevalence of strong flows in the interior of ARs having complex magnetic fields. Using the Doppler data obtained by the Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) project for a sample of 74 ARs, we have discovered the presence of steep gradients in meridional velocity at depths ranging from 1.5 to 5 Mm in flare productive ARs. The sample of these ARs is taken from the Carrington rotations 1980--2052 covering the period August 2001-January 2007. The gradients showed an interesting hemispheric trend of negative (positive) signs in the northern (southern) hemisphere, i.e., directed toward the equator. We have discovered three sheared layers in the depth range of 0 - 10 Mm, providing an evidence of complex flow structures in several ARs. An important inference derived from our analysis is that the location of the deepest zero vertical vorticity is correlated with the remaining life time of ARs. This new finding may be employed as a tool for predicting the life expectancy of an AR.
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