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arXiv 1104.4116astro-ph.CO
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Herschel发现的极亮多重透镜z~3亚毫米星系中分子星际介质的动力学结构

Dynamical Structure of the Molecular Interstellar Medium in an Extremely Bright, Multiply Lensed z~3 Submillimeter Galaxy Discovered with Herschel

Dominik A. Riechers, A. Cooray, A. Omont, R. Neri, A. I. Harris, A. J. Baker, P. Cox, D. T. Frayer, J. M. Carpenter, R. Auld, H. Aussel, A. Beelen, R. Blundell,… 展开作者

Dominik A. Riechers, A. Cooray, A. Omont, R. Neri, A. I. Harris, A. J. Baker, P. Cox, D. T. Frayer, J. M. Carpenter, R. Auld, H. Aussel, A. Beelen, R. Blundell, J. Bock, D. Brisbin, D. Burgarella, P. Chanial, S. C. Chapman, D. L. Clements, A. Conley, C. D. Dowell, S. Eales, D. Farrah, A. Franceschini, R. Gavazzi, J. Glenn, M. Griffin, M. Gurwell, R. J. Ivison, S. Kim, M. Krips, A. M. J. Mortier, S. J. Oliver, M. J. Page, A. Papageorgiou, C. P. Pearson, I. Perez-Fournon, M. Pohlen, J. I. Rawlings, G. Raymond, G. Rodighiero, I. G. Roseboom, M. Rowan-Robinson, K. S. Scott, N. Seymour, A. J. Smith, M. Symeonidis, K. E. Tugwell, M. Vaccari, J. D. Vieira, L. Vigroux, L. Wang, J. Wardlow, G. Wright

摘要:

我们报告了在z=2.9574+/-0.0001的强透镜的Herschel/SPIRE选择的亚毫米星系(SMG)HLSW-01中,使用Plateau de Bure干涉仪,毫米波天文学研究组合阵列和Green Bank望远镜探测到CO 5-4,3-2和1-0发射。这些观测在空间上将分子气体分解成四个透镜图像,最大间隔为~9”,并揭示了该系统的内部气体动力学。我们导出了L '(CO 1-0)=(4.17+/-0.41),L'(CO 3-2)=(3.96+/-0.20)和L '(CO 5-4)=(3.45+/-0.20)x 10^10(mu_L/10.9)^-1 Kkm/s pc ^2,对应的光度比为r_31 = 0.95+/-0.10,r_53 = 0.87+/-0.06,r_51 = 0.83+/-0.09。这表明气体总分子质量为Mgas = 3.3 x 10^10(α_CO/0.8)(mu_L/10.9)^-1 Msun。气体质量、气体质量分数、气体耗尽时间尺度、恒星形成效率和比恒星形成率是SMG的典型特征。气体储集层的速度结构表明,最亮的两张透镜图像是星系中同一尘埃遮蔽区域的动态分辨投影,它们在运动学上与未分辨的较暗图像发生偏移。解析的运动学似乎与在主要的“湿”(即,富气)合并。在SMG中经常观察到重大合并,并且可能是以高气体消耗率为它们的强烈星爆提供燃料的原因。这项研究表明,利用引力透镜提供的有效空间分辨率和灵敏度的增加,可以研究早期宇宙中的星系的细节水平。

英文摘要:

We report the detection of CO 5-4, 3-2, and 1-0 emission in the strongly lensed, Herschel/SPIRE-selected submillimeter galaxy (SMG) HLSW-01 at z=2.9574+/-0.0001, using the Plateau de Bure Interferometer, the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy, and the Green Bank Telescope. The observations spatially resolve the molecular gas into four lensed images with a maximum separation of ~9", and reveal the internal gas dynamics in this system. We derive lensing-corrected CO line luminosities of L'(CO 1-0) = (4.17+/-0.41), L'(CO 3-2) = (3.96+/-0.20) and L'(CO 5-4) = (3.45+/-0.20) x 10^10 (mu_L/10.9)^-1 Kkm/s pc^2, corresponding to luminosity ratios of r_31 = 0.95+/-0.10, r_53 = 0.87+/-0.06, and r_51 = 0.83+/-0.09. This suggests a total molecular gas mass of Mgas = 3.3 x 10^10 (alpha_CO/0.8) (mu_L/10.9)^-1 Msun. The gas mass, gas mass fraction, gas depletion timescale, star formation efficiency, and specific star formation rate are typical for an SMG. The velocity structure of the gas reservoir suggests that the brightest two lensed images are dynamically resolved projections of the same dust-obscured region in the galaxy that are kinematically offset from the unresolved fainter images. The resolved kinematics appear consistent with the complex velocity structure observed in major, `wet' (i.e., gas-rich) mergers. Major mergers are commonly observed in SMGs, and are likely to be responsible for fueling their intense starbursts at high gas consumption rates. This study demonstrates the level of detail to which galaxies in the early universe can be studied by utilizing the increase in effective spatial resolution and sensitivity provided by gravitational lensing.

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