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arXiv 1104.2836astro-ph.HEhep-exhep-ph
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利用天体粒子数据研究暗物质

Dark Matter Searches with Astroparticle Data

Troy A. Porter, Robert P. Johnson, Peter W. Graham

摘要:

暗物质(DM)的存在最早是由Zwicky在20世纪30年代注意到的,但它的性质仍然是物理学中未解决的重大问题之一。各种观测表明它是非重子和非相对论性的。非重子DM的首选候选者之一是在大多数模型中稳定的弱相互作用大质量粒子(WIMP)。WIMP的自湮灭可以产生宇宙射线、伽马射线和其他具有可探测特征的粒子。最近的实验,如PAMELA发现的异常宇宙射线光谱的提示,激发了有趣的解释DM湮灭和/或衰变。然而,这些特征也有标准的天体物理学解释,因此需要更多的证据来证明DM湮灭或衰变的检测。此外,还利用费米大天区望远镜对来自星系团、附近矮球状星系和星系团的伽马射线信号进行了观测,并对弥漫的银河系和河外伽马射线辐射进行了测量。此外,HESS、MAGIC和VERITAS等成像大气切伦科夫望远镜也报告了对矮星系伽马射线辐射的搜索。在这篇综述中,我们研究了这些仪器搜索颗粒DM的状态,并讨论了解释和由此产生的DM限制。

英文摘要:

The existence of dark matter (DM) was first noticed by Zwicky in the 1930s, but its nature remains one of the great unsolved problems of physics. A variety of observations indicate that it is non-baryonic and non-relativistic. One of the preferred candidates for non-baryonic DM is a weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) that in most models is stable. WIMP self-annihilation can produce cosmic rays, gamma rays, and other particles with signatures that may be detectable. Hints of anomalous cosmic-ray spectra found by recent experiments, such as PAMELA, have motivated interesting interpretations in terms of DM annihilation and/or decay. However, these signatures also have standard astrophysical interpretations, so additional evidence is needed in order to make a case for detection of DM annihilation or decay. Searches by the Fermi Large Area Telescope for gamma-ray signals from clumps, nearby dwarf spheroidal galaxies, and galaxy clusters have also been performed, along with measurements of the diffuse Galactic and extragalactic gamma-ray emission. In addition, imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes like HESS, MAGIC, and VERITAS have reported on searches for gamma-ray emission from dwarf galaxies. In this review, we examine the status of searches for particle DM by these instruments and discuss the interpretations and resulting DM limits.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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