Suppose the postulate of measurement in quantum mechanics can be extended to quantum field theory, then a local projective measurement at some moment on an object locally coupled with a relativistic quantum field will result in a projection or collapse of the wavefunctional of the combined system defined on the whole time-slice associated with the very moment of the measurement, if the relevant degrees of freedom have nonzero correlations. This implies that the wavefunctionals in the same Hamiltonian system but defined in different reference frames would collapse on different time-slices passing through the same local event where the measurement was done. Are these post-measurement states consistent with each other? We illustrate that the quantum states of the Raine-Sciama-Grove detector-field system started with the same initial Gaussian state defined on the same initial time-slice, then collapsed by the measurements on the pointlike detectors on different time-slices in different frames, will evolve to the same state of the combined system up to a coordinate transformation when compared on the same final time-slice. Such consistency is guaranteed by the spatial locality of interactions and the general covariance in a relativistic system, together with the spatial locality of measurements and the linearity of quantum dynamics in its quantum theory.
Center for Quantum Technology Research, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology(北京理工大学物理学院量子技术研究中心);School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications(北京邮电大学电子工程学院);National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, AMS(中国军队国防创新研究院)
Quantum time of arrival distribution in a simple lattice model
想象一个实验,盒子里的一个量子粒子在某个时候以某种初始状态被释放出来。探测器被放置在盒子内的固定位置,它的点击意味着粒子到达探测器。粒子在探测器处的\emph{time of arrival}(TOA)是多少?在量子力学的测量假设的范例内,可以使用投影测量的思想来定义TOA。我们考虑这样的设置,其中检测器保持以规则的有限时间间隔{ \emph{till} }进行瞬时测量,它在某个时间$t$检测粒子,该时间被定义为TOA。这是一个随机变量,对于一个简单的晶格模型的自由粒子在一个一维的盒子里,我们发现有趣的功能,如幂律尾巴在其分布和生存的概率(非检测)。我们提出了一个微扰计算方法,产生的结果比较精确的数值。
Remote predictability of quantum measurement outcomes
University of Gdańsk(格但斯克大学);Harish-Chandra Research Institute, A CI of Homi Bhabha National Institute(哈里什-钱德拉研究所,霍米·巴巴国立学院);Universidad de Murcia(穆尔西亚大学)
Learning functions of quantum states with distributed architectures
Ikerlan Technology Research Centre, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA)(伊克兰兰技术研究中心,巴斯克研究与技术联盟);Institute for Cross-Disciplinary Physics and Complex Systems (IFISC), UIB-CSIC(跨学科物理与复杂系统研究所)