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arXiv 1104.0045astro-ph.EP
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103 P/Hartley 2彗星自转状态的1 mm射电光谱研究

Rotation State of Comet 103P/Hartley 2 from Radio Spectroscopy at 1 mm

Michal Drahus, David Jewitt, Aurelie Guilbert-Lepoutre, Waclaw Waniak, James Hoge, Dariusz Lis, Hiroshige Yoshida, Ruisheng Peng, Albrecht Sievers

摘要:

活跃彗星的原子核从离散的喷口各向异性地发射分子。随着原子核的旋转,我们希望观察到分子发射谱线分布的周期性变化,这可以通过毫米/亚毫米光谱学来研究。使用这种技术,我们研究了103 P/哈特利2号彗星的HCN大气层,这是美国宇航局EPOXI任务的目标,它在2010年底有一个非常有利的幻影。我们检测到短期演变的谱线的轮廓,这是刺激的核旋转,并提供证据的快速减速和激发的旋转状态。旋转周期的测量变化率为+1.00 \pm 0.15 min/天,周期本身为18.32 \pm 0.03 hr,两者均适用于EPOXI相遇时期。令人惊讶的是,自旋下降效率比彗星9 P/Tempel 1的测量值和最佳理论预测低两个数量级。这确保了彗星核在接下来的几次返回中的旋转稳定性,尽管我们预计它的最终命运是自旋转的灾难性破坏。

英文摘要:

The nuclei of active comets emit molecules anisotropically from discrete vents. As the nucleus rotates, we expect to observe periodic variability in the molecular emission line profiles, which can be studied through mm/submm spectroscopy. Using this technique we investigated the HCN atmosphere of comet 103P/Hartley 2, the target of NASA's EPOXI mission, which had an exceptionally favorable apparition in late 2010. We detected short-term evolution of the spectral line profile, which was stimulated by the nucleus rotation, and which provides evidence for rapid deceleration and excitation of the rotation state. The measured rate of change in the rotation period is +1.00 \pm 0.15 min per day and the period itself is 18.32 \pm 0.03 hr, both applicable at the epoch of the EPOXI encounter. Surprisingly, the spin-down efficiency is lower by two orders of magnitude than the measurement in comet 9P/Tempel 1 and the best theoretical prediction. This secures rotational stability of the comet's nucleus during the next few returns, although we anticipate a catastrophic disruption from spin-up as its ultimate fate.

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