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arXiv 1102.4512cond-mat.mes-hall
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HgTe量子阱和拓扑表面态中的弱反定域:有质量和无质量狄拉克费米子

Weak antilocalization in HgTe quantum wells and topological surface states: Massive versus massless Dirac fermions

G. Tkachov, E. M. Hankiewicz

摘要:

碲化汞量子阱和三维拓扑绝缘体表面支持狄拉克费米子的单谷带色散。在存在的障碍,他们经历弱反定位,这已被观察到在最近的运输实验。本文对碲化汞量子阱和拓扑表面态中的弱反定域进行了比较理论研究。这两个单谷系统之间的差异来自碲化汞量子阱中的有限带隙(有效狄拉克质量),而拓扑绝缘体中的无带隙(无质量)表面态。有限的有效Dirac质量意味着HgTe量子阱中的内部对称性破缺,当t_M大于一定值时,HgTe量子阱中的弱反定域被抑制,且与Dirac质量成反比。这对应于在Cooperon扩散模式中弛豫间隙1/t_M的打开,这是我们从包括相关自旋自由度的Bethe-Salpeter方程获得的。我们表明,弛豫间隙表现出一个有趣的非单调依赖于载流子密度和带隙,消失在这些参数的一定组合。弱反定域电导率反映了这种非单调行为,这是碲化汞量子阱所特有的,而拓扑表面态则不存在。另一方面,拓扑表面态在平行磁场中表现出特定的弱反定域化磁导率,这是由于它们在体相中呈指数衰减。

英文摘要:

HgTe quantum wells and surfaces of three-dimensional topological insulators support Dirac fermions with a single-valley band dispersion. In the presence of disorder they experience weak antilocalization, which has been observed in recent transport experiments. In this work we conduct a comparative theoretical study of the weak antilocalization in HgTe quantum wells and topological surface states. The difference between these two single-valley systems comes from a finite band gap (effective Dirac mass) in HgTe quantum wells in contrast to gapless (massless) surface states in topological insulators. The finite effective Dirac mass implies a broken internal symmetry, leading to suppression of the weak antilocalization in HgTe quantum wells at times larger than certain t_M, inversely proportional to the Dirac mass. This corresponds to the opening of a relaxation gap 1/t_M in the Cooperon diffusion mode which we obtain from the Bethe-Salpeter equation including relevant spin degrees of freedom. We demonstrate that the relaxation gap exhibits an interesting nonmonotonic dependence on both carrier density and band gap, vanishing at a certain combination of these parameters. The weak-antilocalization conductivity reflects this nonmonotonic behavior which is unique to HgTe QWs and absent for topological surface states. On the other hand, the topological surface states exhibit specific weak-antilocalization magnetoconductivity in a parallel magnetic field due to their exponential decay in the bulk.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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