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arXiv 1102.4324quant-phastro-ph.IM
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迈克尔逊-莫雷干涉仪中的Interference of Light:量子光学方法

Interference of Light in Michelson-Morley Interferometer: A Quantum Optical Approach

O. Langangen, B. -S. Skagerstam, A. Vaskinn

摘要:

我们研究如何在一个迈克尔逊-莫雷干涉仪(MMI)的光的时间相干干涉特性,只使用一个单光子探测器,可以理解的量子光学框架中的一个简单的和教学的方式。为此,我们利用基本的量子场论和Glaubers理论的光子探测,以计算预期的干涉图案的MMI。如果在MMI本地振荡器端口中使用热参考源与信号端口中的热源组合,则由这种强度测量揭示的干涉图案显示出对两个源的温度差的显著依赖性。因此,MMI可用于执行温度测量。实际上使用了一种相关方法对COBE卫星上的宇宙微波背景辐射进行了高精度测量。理论框架允许我们考虑任何初始量子态。作为确定与单光子参考脉冲干涉的单光子脉冲的角峰值频率的工具的单光子干涉例如是,考虑了对相干激光脉冲的类似考虑导致检测器中的不同响应。因此,MMI实验装置在某种意义上是光学设备的一个例子,其中人们可以仅使用强度测量来展示经典光和量子力学光之间的差异。

英文摘要:

We investigate how the temporal coherence interference properties of light in a Michelson-Morley interferometer (MMI), using only a single-photon detector, can be understood in a quantum-optics framework in a straightforward and pedagogical manner. For this purpose we make use of elementary quantum field theory and Glaubers theory for photon detection in order to calculate the expected interference pattern in the MMI. If a thermal reference source is used in the MMI local oscillator port in combination with a thermal source in the signal port, the interference pattern revealed by such an intensity measurement shows a distinctive dependence on the differences in the temperature of the two sources. The MMI can therefore be used in order to perform temperature measurements. A related method was actually used to carry out high precision measurements of the cosmic micro-wave background radiation on board of the COBE satellite. The theoretical framework allows us to consider any initial quantum state. The interference of single photons as a tool to determine the angular peak-frequency of a one-photon pulse interfering with a single-photon reference pulse is, e.g., considered. A similar consideration for coherent laser pulses leads to a different response in the detector. The MMI experimental setup is therefore in a sense an example of an optical device where one can exhibit the difference between classical and quantum-mechanical light using only intensity measurements.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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