Let $M$ be a left module for the Schur algebra $S(n,r)$, and let $s \in \mathbb{Z}^+$. Then $M^{\otimes s}$ is a $(S(n,rs), F\mathfrak{S}_s)$-bimodule, where the symmetric group $\mathfrak{S}_s$ on $s$ letters acts on the right by place permutations. We show that the Schur functor $f_{rs}$ sends $M^{\otimes s}$ to the $(F\mathfrak{S}_{rs},F\mathfrak{S}_s)$-bimodule $F\mathfrak{S}_{rs} \otimes_{F(\mathfrak{S}_r \wr \mathfrak{S}_s)} ((f_rM)^{\otimes s} \otimes F\mathfrak{S}_s)$. As a corollary, we obtain the effect of the Schur functor on the Lie power $L^s(M)$, symmetric power $S^s(M)$ and exterior power $\bigwedge^s(M)$ of $M$.
We show that the left and right adjoint of the Schur functor can be expressed in terms of the monoidal structure of strict polynomial functors. Using this result we give a necessary and sufficient condition for when the tensor product of two simple strict polynomial functors is again simple.
We define the induction and restriction functors for cyclotomic q-Schur algebras, and study some properties of them. As an application, we categorify a higher level Fock space by using the module categories of cyclotomic q-Schur algebras.
We give geometric descriptions of the category C_k(n,d) of rational polynomial representations of GL_n over a field k of degree d for d less than or equal to n, the Schur functor and Schur-Weyl duality. The descriptions and proofs use a modular version of Springer theory and relationships between the equivariant geometry of the affine Grassmannian and the nilpotent cone for the general linear groups. Motivated by this description, we propose generalizations for an arbitrary connected complex reductive group of the category C_k(n,d) and the Schur functor.
The syzygies of the d-th Veronese embedding of $\mathbb P(V)$ are functors of the complex vector space V. From a certain perspective, we show that as d grows, their Schur functor decomposition is very rich whenever they are not zero. This is deduced from an asymptotic study of related plethysms. We also obtain other results related to a question of Ein and Lazarsfeld.
We study certain Schur functors which preserve singularity categories of rings and we apply them to study the singularity category of triangular matrix rings. In particular, combining these results with Buchweitz-Happel's theorem, we can describe singularity categories of certain non-Gorenstein rings via the stable category of maximal Cohen-Macaulay modules. Three concrete examples of finite-dimensional algebras with the same singularity category are discussed.
The theory of Schur functors provides a powerful and elegant approach to the representation theory of GL_n - at least to the so-called polynomial representations - especially to questions about how the theory varies with n. We develop parallel theories that apply to other classical groups and to non-polynomial representations of GL_n. These theories can also be viewed as linear analogs of the theory of FI-modules.
Let $k$ be a commutative $\mathbb{Q}$-algebra. We study families of functors between categories of finitely generated $R$-modules which are defined for all commutative $k$-algebras $R$ simultaneously and are compatible with base changes. These operations turn out to be Schur functors associated to $k$-linear representations of symmetric groups. This result is closely related to Macdonald's classification of polynomial functors.
We introduce categories of homogeneous strict polynomial functors, $\Pol^\I_{d,\k}$ and $\Pol^\II_{d,\k}$, defined on vector superspaces over a field $\k$ of characteristic not equal 2. These categories are related to polynomial representations of the supergroups $GL(m|n)$ and Q(n), respectively. In particular, we prove an equivalence between $\Pol^\I_{d,\k}$, $\Pol^\II_{d,\k}$ and the category of finite dimensional supermodules over the Schur superalgebra $\Sc(m|n,d)$, $\Qc(n,d)$ respectively provided $m,n \ge d$. We also discuss some aspects of Sergeev duality from the viewpoint of the categ…
We show that combinatorial objects called row-strict composition tableaux, introduced by Mason and Remmel in 2014 and closely related to the quasi-symmetric Schur functions of Haglund-Luoto-Mason-van Willigenburg, form a basis for Schur functors of finite free modules over arbitrary commutative rings. When the ring is the complex numbers, this produces a new basis for the irreducible polynomial representations of $\operatorname{GL}_n(\mathbb{C})$. Moreover, in this case it also produces new basis for the Plücker algebra, a subalgebra of the polynomial ring over $\mathbb{C}$ in $n^2$ variables…
We study the homological algebra in the category $\mathcal{P}_p$ of strict polynomial functors of degree $p$ over a field of positive characteristic $p$. We determine the decomposition matrix of our category and we calculate the Ext-groups between functors important from the point of view of representation theory. Our results include computations of the Ext-algebras of simple functors and Schur functors. We observe that the category $\mathcal{P}_p$ has a Kazhdan-Lusztig theory and we show that the DG algebras computing the Ext-algebras for simple functors and Schur functors are formal. These l…
We identify the Grothendieck group of certain direct sum of singular blocks of the highest weight category for sl(n) with the n-th tensor power of the fundamental (two-dimensional) sl(2)-module. The action of U(sl(2)) is given by projective functors and the commuting action of the Temperley-Lieb algebra by Zuckerman functors. Indecomposable projective functors correspond to Lusztig canonical basis in U(sl(2)). In the dual realization the n-th tensor power of the fundamental representation is identified with a direct sum of parabolic blocks of the highest weight category. Translation across the…
We introduce super-analogues of the Schur functors defined by Akin, Buchsbaum and Weyman. These {\em Schur superfunctors} may be viewed as characteristic-free analogues of the finite dimensional atypical irreducible modules over the Lie superalgebra $\mathfrak{gl}(m|n)$ studied by Berele and Regev. Our construction realizes Schur superfunctors as objects of a certain category of strict polynomial superfunctors. We show that Schur superfunctors are indecomposable objects of this category. Another aim is to provide a decomposition of {\em Schur bisuperfunctors} in terms of tensor products of Sch…
In a 1918 paper Schur proved a remarkable inequality that related group representations, Hermitian forms and determinants. He also gave concise necessary and sufficient conditions for equality. In 1964, Marcus gave a beautiful short proof of Schur's inequality by applying the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality to symmetric tensors, but he did not discuss the case of equality. In 1969, Williamson gave an inductive proof of Schur's equality conditions by contracting Marcus's symmetric tensors onto lower dimensional subspaces where they remained symmetric tensors. Here we unify these results notationally …
Let $A$ be a finite-dimensional algebra over a field of characteristic $p>0$. We use a functorial approach involving torsion pairs to construct embeddings of endomorphism algebras of basic projective $A$--modules $P$ into those of the torsion submodules of $P$. As an application, we show that blocks of both the classical and quantum Schur algebras $S(2,r)$ and $S_q(2,r)$ are Morita equivalent as quasi-hereditary algebras to their Ringel duals if they contain $2p^k$ simple modules for some $k$.
Highest weight categories are described in terms of standard objects and recollements of abelian categories, working over an arbitrary commutative base ring. Then the highest weight structure for categories of strict polynomial functors is explained, using the theory of Schur and Weyl functors. A consequence is the well-known fact that Schur algebras are quasi-hereditary.
We define an extension of the affine Brauer algebra, the type B/C affine Brauer algebra. This new algebra contains the hyperoctahedral group and it naturally acts on $END_K(X \otimes V^{\otimes k})$ for Orthogonal and Symplectic groups. Thus we obtain a compact analogue of Schur-Weyl duality. We study functors $F_{μ,k}$ from the category of admissible $O(p,q)$ or $Sp_{2n}(\mathbb{R})$ modules to representations of the type B/C affine Brauer algebra $\mathfrak{B}_k^θ$. Thus providing a Akawaka-Suzuki-esque link between $O(p,q)$ (or $Sp_{2n}(\mathbb{R})$) and $\mathfrak{B}_k^θ$. Furthermore thes…
For a Dynkin quiver $Q$ of type ADE and a sum $β$ of simple roots, we construct a bimodule over the quantum loop algebra and the quiver Hecke algebra of the corresponding type via equivariant K-theory, imitating Ginzburg-Reshetikhin-Vasserot's geometric realization of the quantum affine Schur-Weyl duality. Our construction is based on Hernandez-Leclerc's isomorphism between a certain graded quiver variety and the space of representations of the quiver $Q$ of dimension vector $β$. We identify the functor induced from our bimodule with Kang-Kashiwara-Kim's generalized quantum affine Schur-Weyl d…
We give explicit presentations by generators and relations of certain generalized Schur algebras (associated with tensor powers of the natural representation) in types B, C, D. This extends previous results in type A obtained by two of the authors. The presentation is compatible with the Serre presentation of the corresponding universal enveloping algebra. In types C, D this gives a presentation of the corresponding classical Schur algebra (the image of the representation on a tensor power) since the classical Schur algebra coincides with the generalized Schur algebra in those types. This coin…
The injective stabilization of the tensor product is subjected to an iterative procedure that utilizes its bifunctor property. The limit of this procedure, called the asymptotic stabilization of the tensor product, provides a homological counterpart of Buchweitz's asymptotic construction of stable cohomology. The resulting connected sequence of functors is isomorphic to Triulzi's $J$-completion of the Tor functor. A comparison map from Vogel homology to the asymptotic stabilization of the tensor product is constructed and shown to be always epic. The category of finitely presented functors is …
We develop a functorial theory of spinor and oscillator representations parallel to the theory of Schur functors for general linear groups. This continues our work on developing orthogonal and symplectic analogues of Schur functors. As such, there are a few main points in common. We define a category of representations of what might be thought of as the infinite rank pin and metaplectic groups, and give three models of this category in terms of: multilinear algebra, diagram categories, and twisted Lie algebras. We also define specialization functors to the finite rank groups and calculate the …
This paper is a continuation of a previous paper of the author, which gave an analogue to the classical Schur-Weyl duality in the setting of Deligne categories. Given a finite-dimensional unital vector space $V$ (a vector space $V$ with a chosen non-zero vector $\mathbf{1}$), we constructed a complex tensor power of $V$: an $Ind$-object of the Deligne category $\underline{Rep}(S_t)$ which is a Harish-Chandra module for the pair $(\mathfrak{gl}(V), \bar{\mathfrak{P}}_{\mathbf{1}})$, where $\bar{\mathfrak{P}}_{\mathbf{1}} \subset GL(V)$ is the mirabolic subgroup preserving the vector $\mathbf{1}…
We show that canonical bases in $\dot{U}(\mathfrak{sl}_n)$ and the Schur algebra are compatible; in fact we extend this result to $p$-canonical bases. This follows immediately from a fullness result from a functor categorifying this map. In order to prove this result, we also explain the connections between categorifications of the Schur algebra which arise from parity sheaves on partial flag varieties, singular Soergel bimodules and Khovanov and Lauda's "flag category," which are of some independent interest.
This paper presents a $q$-analogue of an extension of the tensor algebra given by the same author. This new algebra naturally contains the ordinary tensor algebra and the Iwahori-Hecke algebra type $A$ of infinite degree. Namely this algebra can be regarded as a natural mix of these two algebras. Moreover, we can consider natural "derivations" on this algebra. Using these derivations, we can easily prove the $q$-Schur-Weyl duality (the duality between the quantum enveloping algebra of the general linear Lie algebra and the Iwahori-Hecke algebra of type $A$).
The category of strict polynomial functors inherits an internal tensor product from the category of divided powers. To investigate this monoidal structure, we consider the category of representations of the symmetric group which admits a tensor product coming from its Hopf algebra structure. It is classical that there exists a functor F from the category of strict polynomial functors to the category of representations of the symmetric group. Our main result is that this functor F is monoidal. In addition we study the relations under F between projective strict polynomial functors and permutati…
We develop a theory of two-parameter quantum polynomial functors. Similar to how (strict) polynomial functors give a new interpretation of polynomial representations of the general linear groups $\operatorname{GL}_n$, the two-parameter polynomial functors give a new interpretation of (polynomial) representations of the quantum symmetric pair $(U_{Q,q}^B(\mathfrak{gl}_n), U_q(\mathfrak{gl}_n) )$ which specializes to type AIII/AIV quantum symmetric pairs. The coideal subalgebra $U_{Q,q}^B(\mathfrak{gl}_n)$ appears in a Schur-Weyl duality with the type B Hecke algebra $\mathcal H^B_{Q,q}(d)$. We …
We define and study cohomological tensor functors from the category $T_n$ of finite-dimensional representations of the supergroup $Gl(n|n)$ into $T_{n-r}$ for $0 <r \leq n$. In the case $DS: T_n \to T_{n-1}$ we prove a formula $DS(L) = \bigoplus Π^{n_i} L_i$ for the image of an arbitrary irreducible representation. In particular $DS(L)$ is semisimple and multiplicity free. We derive a few applications of this theorem such as the degeneration of certain spectral sequences and a formula for the modified superdimension of an irreducible representation.
Let $V$ be a free module of rank $n$ over a commutative unital ring $k$. We prove that tensor space $V^{\otimes r}$ satisfies Schur--Weyl duality, regarded as a bimodule for the action of the group algebra of the Weyl group of $\mathrm{GL}(V)$ and the partition algebra $P_r(n)$ over $k$. We also prove a similar result for the half partition algebra.
For polynomial representations of $GL_n$ of a fixed degree, H. Krause defined a new internal tensor product using the language of strict polynomial functors. We show that over an arbitrary commutative base ring $k$, the Schur functor carries this internal tensor product to the usual Kronecker tensor product of symmetric group representations. This is true even at the level of derived categories. The new tensor product is a substantial enrichment of the Kronecker tensor product. E.g. in modular representation theory it brings in homological phenomena not visible on the symmetric group side. We …
Let G be GL_N or SL_N as reductive linear algebraic group over a field k of positive characteristic p. We prove several results that were previously established only when N < 6 or p > 2^N. Let G act rationally on a finitely generated commutative k-algebra A. Assume that A as a G-module has a good filtration or a Schur filtration. Let M be a noetherian A-module with compatible G action. Then M has finite good/Schur filtration dimension, so that there are at most finitely many nonzero H^i(G,M). Moreover these H^i(G,M) are noetherian modules over the ring of invariants A^G. Our main tool is a res…
Given a partition $λ$ of $n$, the {\it Schur functor} $\mathbb{S}_λ$ associates to any complex vector space $V$, a subspace $\mathbb{S}_λ(V)$ of $V^{\otimes n}$. Hermite's reciprocity law, in terms of the Schur functor, states that $ \mathbb{S}_{(p)}\left(\mathbb{S}_{(q)}(\mathbb{C}^2)\right)\simeq \mathbb{S}_{(q)}\left(\mathbb{S}_{(p)}(\mathbb{C}^2)\right). $ We extend this identity to many other identities of the type $\mathbb{S}_λ\left(\mathbb{S}_δ(\mathbb{C}^2)\right)\simeq \mathbb{S}_μ\left(\mathbb{S}_ε(\mathbb{C}^2)\right)$.
In this note, inspired by the proof of the Kirillov-Reshetikhin conjecture, we consider tensor products of Kirillov-Reshetikhin modules of a fixed node and various level. We fix a positive integer and attach to each of its partitions such a tensor product. We show that there exists an embedding of the tensor products, with respect to the classical structure, along with the reverse dominance relation on the set of partitions.
Let k be an algebraically closed field of characteristic p>0, let m,r be integers with m\ge1, r\ge0 and m\ge r and let S_0(2m,r) be the symplectic Schur algebra over k as introduced by the first author. We introduce the symplectic Schur functor, derive some basic properties of it and relate this to work of Hartmann and Paget. We do the same for the orthogonal Schur algebra. We give a modified Jantzen sum formula and a block result for the symplectic Schur algebra under the assumption that r and the residue of 2m mod p are small relative to p. From this we deduce a block result for the orthogon…
The affine Schur algebra $\widetilde{S}(n,r)$ (of type A) over a field $K$ is defined to be the endomorphism algebra of the tensor space over the extended affine Weyl group of type $A_{r-1}$. By the affine Schur-Weyl duality it is isomorphic to the image of the representation map of the $\mathcal{U}(\hat{\mathfrak{gl}}_{n})$ action on the tensor space when $K$ is the field of complex numbers. We show that $\widetilde{S}(n,r)$ can be defined in another two equivalent ways. Namely, it is the image of the representation map of the semigroup algebra $K\widetilde{GL}_{n,a}$ (defined in Section \ref…
Let $R$ be a commutative ring with one and $q$ an invertible element of $R$. The (specialized) quantum group ${\mathbf U} = U_q(\mathfrak{gl}_n)$ over $R$ of the general linear group acts on mixed tensor space $V^{\otimes r}\otimes {V^*}^{\otimes s}$ where $V$ denotes the natural $\mathbf U$-module $R^n$, $r,s$ are nonnegative integers and $V^*$ is the dual $\mathbf U$-module to $V$. The image of $\mathbf U$ in $\mathrm{End}_R(V^{\otimes r}\otimes {V^*}^{\otimes s})$ is called the rational $q$-Schur algebra $S_{q}(n;r,s)$. We construct a bideterminant basis of $S_{q}(n;r,s)$. There is an actio…
As part of the study of correspondence functors, the present paper investigates their tensor product and proves some of its main properties. In particular, the correspondence functor associated to a finite lattice has the structure of a commutative algebra in the tensor category of all correspondence functors.
Let $A_n(K)$ be the Kostant form of $\mathfrak{U}(sl_n^+)$ and $Γ$ the monoid generated by the positive roots of $sl_n$. For each $λ\in Λ(n,r)$ we construct a functor $F_λ$ from the category of finitely generated $Γ$-graded $A_n(K)$-modules to the category of finite dimensional $S^+(n,r)$-modules, with the property that $F_λ$ maps (minimal) projective resolutions of the one-dimensional $A_n(K)$-module $K_{A}$ to (minimal) projective resolutions of the simple $S^+(n,r)$-module $K_λ$.
We introduce Nakayama functors for coalgebras and investigate their basic properties. These functors are expressed by certain (co)ends as in the finite case discussed by Fuchs, Schaumann, and Schweigert. This observation allows us to define Nakayama functors for Frobenius tensor categories in an intrinsic way. As applications, we establish the categorical Radford $S^4$-formula for Frobenius tensor categories and obtain some related results. These are generalizations of works of Etingof, Nikshych, and Ostrik on finite tensor categories and some known facts on co-Frobenius Hopf algebras.
We prove a Schur-Weyl duality between the quantum enveloping algebra of $\mathfrak{gl}_m$ and certain quotient algebras of Ariki-Koike algebras, which we give explicitly. The duality involves several algebraically independent parameters and is realized through the tensor product of a parabolic universal Verma module and a tensor power of the natural representation of $\mathfrak{gl}_m$. We also give a new presentation by generators and relations of the generalized blob algebras of Martin and Woodcock as well as an interpretation in terms of Schur-Weyl duality by showing they occur as a particul…
Let g be a complex finite-dimensional simple Lie algebra. Given a positive integer k and a dominant weight λ, we define a preorder on the set $P(λ, k)$ of k-tuples of dominant weights which add up to λ. Let $P(λ, k)/\sim$ be the corresponding poset of equivalence classes defined by the preorder. We show that if λis a multiple of a fundamental weight (and k is general) or if k=2 (and λis general), then $P(λ, k)/\sim$ coincides with the set of S_k-orbits in $P(λ,k)$, where S_k acts on $P(λ, k)$ as the permutations of components. If g is of type A_n and k=2, we show that the S_2-orbit of the row …
In the context of operator-space modules over C*-algebras, we give a complete characterisation of those C*-correspondences whose associated Haagerup tensor product functors admit left adjoints. The characterisation, which builds on previous joint work with N. Higson, exhibits a close connection between the notions of adjoint operators and adjoint functors. As an application, we prove a Frobenius reciprocity theorem for representations of locally compact groups on operator spaces: the functor of unitary induction for a closed subgroup H of a locally compact group G admits a left adjoint in this…
