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arXiv 1102.4154hep-thgr-qchep-ph
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探索时空的真空结构

Probing the Vacuum Structure of Spacetime

Sang Pyo Kim

摘要:

本文探讨了如何利用大质量标量场与背景引力子的相互作用来探测时空真空结构的问题。利用$Γ$ -正则化的in-/out-state形式,我们发现了一个标量场在共形的,渐近平坦的时空和一个四维de Sitter空间中的有效作用量,它是一个荷电标量在一个恒定电场中的Heisenberg-Euler和Schwinger有效作用量的引力模拟.有效作用量是非微扰的,因为它将所有具有任意数量外部引力子线的单圈图求和。由于粒子的产生,有质量的标量场变得不稳定,有效作用量有一个虚部,决定了真空的衰变率,真空外与真空内是幺正不等价的。

英文摘要:

We explore the question of how to probe the vacuum structure of space time by a massive scalar field through interaction with background gravitons. Using the $Γ$-regularization for the in-/out-state formalism, we find the effective action of a scalar field in a conformally, asymptotically flat spacetime and a four-dimensional de Sitter space, which is a gravitational analog of the Heisenberg-Euler and Schwinger effective action for a charged scalar in a constant electric field. The effective action is nonperturbative in that it sums all one-loop diagrams with arbitrary number of external lines of gravitons. The massive scalar field becomes unstable due to particle production, the effective action has an imaginary part that determines the decay rate of the vacuum, and the out-vacuum is unitarily inequivalent to the in-vacuum.

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