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arXiv 1102.4090astro-ph.SR
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盘吸积情景下大质量恒星形成的三维模拟

Three-dimensional simulation of massive star formation in the disk accretion scenario

Rolf Kuiper, Hubert Klahr, Henrik Beuther, Thomas Henning

摘要:

尽管产生了辐射压力,但质量最大的恒星可以通过标准吸积盘形成,因为大质量的吸积盘在辐射场中产生了很强的各向异性,释放了垂直于吸积盘吸积流的大部分辐射压力。在这里,我们分析了形成拱星盘的自引力作为角动量传输的潜在主要驱动力,在这样的大质量磁盘负责大质量恒星形成所需的高吸积率。为此,我们进行自重力辐射流体动力学模拟的大规模前星核的崩溃。在1中研究了由此产生的拱星盘的形成和演化。使用α-剪切-粘度处方的轴对称模拟和2.)一个三维模拟,其中的角动量传输提供自洽的发展重力扭矩的自引力吸积盘。不同α粘性强度的模拟结果表明,形成星的吸积历史与α粘性参数基本无关。自引力驱动下的三维流的吸积历史比轴对称下的粘滞盘演化更依赖于时间。平均吸积率,即恒星质量增长,几乎与α-粘度模型相同。我们的结论是,在形成大质量恒星周围的自引力盘的引力矩的发展提供了一个自洽的机制,有效地传输的角动量外盘半径。因此,质量最大的恒星的形成也可以用标准的吸积盘来理解。

英文摘要:

The most massive stars can form via standard disk accretion - despite of the radiation pressure generated - due to the fact that the massive accretion disk yields a strong anisotropy in the radiation field, releasing most of the radiation pressure perpendicular to the disk accretion flow. Here, we analyze the self-gravity of the forming circumstellar disk as the potential major driver of the angular momentum transport in such massive disks responsible for the high accretion rates needed for the formation of massive stars. For this purpose, we perform self-gravity radiation hydrodynamics simulations of the collapse of massive pre-stellar cores. The formation and evolution of the resulting circumstellar disk is investigated in 1.) axially symmetric simulations using an alpha-shear-viscosity prescription and 2.) a three-dimensional simulation, in which the angular momentum transport is provided self-consistently by developing gravitational torques in the self-gravitating accretion disk. The simulation series of different strength of the alpha-viscosity shows that the accretion history of the forming star is mostly independent of the alpha-viscosity-parameter. The accretion history of the three-dimensional run driven by self-gravity is more time-dependent than the viscous disk evolution in axial symmetry. The mean accretion rate, i.e. the stellar mass growth, is nearly identical to the alpha-viscosity models. We conclude that the development of gravitational torques in self-gravitating disks around forming massive stars provides a self-consistent mechanism to efficiently transport the angular momentum to outer disk radii. Also the formation of the most massive stars can therefore be understood in the standard accretion disk scenario.

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