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arXiv 1102.0975astro-ph.HE
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吸积盘期间物质在中子星表面的扩散:快速旋转的减速

Spread of Matter over a Neutron-Star Surface During Disk Accretion: Deceleration of Rapid Rotation

N. A. Inogamov, R. A. Sunyaev

摘要:

在光度超过爱丁顿百分之几的弱磁场的中子星表面上吸积盘的问题被简化为在扩散层底部上方以0.4-0.5光速的速度制动高超音速流的问题-由先前落下的物质组成的稠密大气层。我们表明,湍流制动的普朗特-卡门模型与普遍接受的系数为陆地条件和实验室实验和阶梯的相互作用重力波在一个分层的准指数大气中的标准理查森数导致自旋的大规模区域,延伸到海洋的等离子体与简并电子。在海洋与外部固体地壳的边界处,湍流制动将旋转速度降低到恒星的固体旋转速度。这种情况应导致深层大气层的强烈加热和爆炸性氦燃烧机制的关闭。显然,一个更有效的机制,在大气中的快速方位流的耗散应在X射线爆发。我们表明,在大气中的一个巨大的孤立重力波可以导致能量耗散,并在相当稀薄的大气层爆炸氦燃烧核反应的区域上方的方位角速度急剧下降。我们讨论了为什么这种波,在地球的大气层或海洋中没有直接的模拟,出现和它的稳定性。我们提出的问题是,在观测到的银河系X射线源中,是否存在有大量大气层的中子星,这些中子星通过吸积盘中的物质而高速旋转。

英文摘要:

The problem of disk accretion onto the surface of a neutron star with a weak magnetic field at a luminosity exceeding several percent of Eddington is reduced to the problem of the braking of a hypersonic flow with a velocity that is 0.4-0.5 of the speed of light above the base of the spreading layer -- a dense atmosphere made up of previously fallen matter. We show that turbulent braking in the Prandtl-Karman model with universally accepted coefficients for terrestrial conditions and laboratory experiments and a ladder of interacting gravity waves in a stratified quasi-exponential atmosphere at standard Richardson numbers lead to a spin-up of the massive zone that extends to the ocean made up of a plasma with degenerate electrons. Turbulent braking in the ocean at the boundary with the outer solid crust reduces the rotation velocity to the solid-body rotation velocity of the star. This situation should lead to strong heating of deep atmospheric layers and to the switch-off of the explosive helium burning mechanism. Obviously, a more efficient mechanism for the dissipation of a fast azimuthal flow in the atmosphere should operate in X-ray bursters. We show that a giant solitary gravity wave in the atmosphere can lead to energy dissipation and to a sharp decrease in azimuthal velocity in fairly rarefied atmospheric layers above the zone of explosive helium burning nuclear reactions. We discuss the reasons why this wave, that has no direct analog in the Earth's atmosphere or ocean, appears and its stability. We pose the question as to whether neutron stars with massive atmospheres, spun up to high velocities by accreting matter from a disk, can exist among the observed Galactic X-ray sources.

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