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arXiv 2101.01705astro-ph.HEgr-qc
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通过相对论吸积形成GW190521的方案

GW190521 formation scenarios via relativistic accretion

Alejandro Cruz-Osorio, Fabio D. Lora-Clavijo, Carlos Herdeiro

摘要:

最近的引力波瞬变GW 190521已经被LIGO-Virgo合作(LVC)解释为来自双黑洞(BH)合并。根据LVC参数估计,这些祖先中至少有一个落入所谓的对不稳定超新星质量间隙。这就提出了一个重要的问题,即这些祖先是如何以及何时形成的。在本文中,我们使用的吸积模型与超爱丁顿质量吸积率从广义相对论流体动力学模拟分析的情况下,GW 190521的原始祖细胞(OP)形成在较低的质量(和自旋)和增长的估计LVC参数的相对论吸积。我们认为,环境中的二进制浸没有密度梯度,以及依赖于马赫数的气体。以$z=0.82$的LVC参数估计作为吸积演化的终点,我们估计了三种不同红移的OPs的初始质量和自旋,分别为$z=100, \ 50$和$20$。我们发现了三种不同的可能的OP:$(i)$ $10^{-4} M_{\odot} - 3 M_{\odot}$几乎不旋转(与克尔自旋参数$a_{\star}< 10^{-2}$)的原始BH; $(ii)$ $3 M_{\odot} - 40M_{\odot}$缓慢旋转($ 10^{-2} < a_{\star} < 0.5$)恒星质量BH; $(iii)$ $40M_{\odot} - 70M_{\odot}$ BH与一个中等的自旋参数$a_{\star}\sim 0.5$,这可能来自高质量的Pop III恒星的崩溃。质量扩散是由于不同的密度梯度和相对论马赫数的宇宙等离子体;变化的质量,由于在不同的红移,另一方面,是可以忽略不计的,$\sim 2\%$.

英文摘要:

The recent gravitational wave transient GW190521 has been interpreted by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration (LVC) as sourced by a binary black hole (BH) merger. According to the LVC parameter estimation, at least one of these progenitors falls into the so-called pair-instability supernova mass gap. This raises the important question of how and when these progenitors formed. In this paper we use an accretion model with super-Eddington mass accretion rate obtained from General Relativity hydrodynamics simulations to analyse the scenario wherein the GW190521 original progenitors (OPs) formed at lower masses (and spins) and grew to their estimated LVC parameters by relativistic accretion. We consider that the environment wherein the binary is immersed has density gradients as well as a dependence on the Mach number of the gas. Taking the LVC parameter estimation at $z=0.82$ as the endpoint of the accretion evolution, we estimate the initial masses and spins of the OPs at three different red-shifts $z=100, \ 50$, and $20$. We found three distinct possible types of OPs: $(i)$ $10^{-4} M_{\odot} - 3 M_{\odot}$ almost non-rotating (with Kerr spin parameter $a_{\star}< 10^{-2}$) primordial BHs; $(ii)$ $3 M_{\odot} - 40M_{\odot}$ slowly rotating ($ 10^{-2} < a_{\star} < 0.5$) stellar mass BHs; $(iii)$ $40M_{\odot} - 70M_{\odot}$ BHs with a moderate spin parameter $a_{\star}\sim 0.5$, which could originate from the collapse of high mass Pop III stars. The mass spread is due to varying the density gradient and the relativistic Mach number of the cosmic plasma; the variation of the masses due to the origin at different red-shifts, on the other hand, is negligible, $\sim 2\%$ ...

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