纳米多孔介质中的量子流体-限制和分形几何的影响
Quantum fluids in nanoporous media - effects of the confinement and fractal geometry
摘要：
近年来，在受限几何中正确描述纳米尺度量子流体的问题已经出现。人们已经认识到，在这些情况下的量子流体可以被认为是一种新的量子物质状态，由于这些量子液体的特征长度和几何约束的大小之间的接近值和来自表面原子的显著贡献。因此，人们必须应用新的物理学来描述这样的系统，同时考虑到它们的复杂性。例如，近两年来，人们试图发展具有分形维数的纳米多孔介质的分形双流体流体动力学。这种新的流体力学的现状变得非常清楚的最新发展，在化学合成的不同种类的气凝胶与纳米孔结构以及大量的研究纳米孔物质。一个有趣的获得的结果，密度波（第一声）和温度波（第二声）成为强耦合，即使在没有粘度，所以它是纯粹的几何效应的分形空间的纳米孔。在本报告中，我们将审查程序、结果并讨论这一方法的问题。
英文摘要：
In recent years the problem of correct description of quantum fluids in the confined geometry at nanoscale length has emerged. It has been recognized that the quantum fluids at these circumstances can be considered as a new state of quantum matter due to close values between characteristic lengths for these quantum liquids and the size of geometrical confinement and significant contribution from the surface atoms. So one has to apply new physics to describe such systems with taking into account their complex nature. For example, last two years the attempts to develop the fractionalized two-fluid hydrodynamics for nanoporous media with fractal dimensions have been made. The actuality of such new hydrodynamics becomes very clear for the last development in chemical synthesis of different kind of aerogels with nanopore structure as well as numerous studies of nanoporous substances. One of the interesting obtained results that density waves (the first sound) and temperature waves (the second sound) become strong coupled even in the absence of viscosity, so it is purely geometric effect of fractal space of nanopores. In the present report we will review the procedure, results and discuss the issues for this approach.
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