宏观量子态从量子到经典的调谐跃迁
Tuned transition from quantum to classical for macroscopic quantum states
摘要：
经典世界和量子世界之间的界限已经得到了深入的研究。探索量子概念通过使用特殊制造的元件可以达到多远仍然很吸引人。在这里，我们采用具有由十亿个电子携带的1 $ μ$ A的持续电流的基态的可调谐通量量子比特。通过调整这些状态之间的隧道势垒，我们看到了从量子到经典的交叉。从非平衡态释放，系统表现出自发相干振荡。当隧穿周期接近相位相干时间时，在高势垒下，态的寿命急剧增加，并达到经典状态。
英文摘要：
The boundary between the classical and quantum worlds has been intensely studied. It remains fascinating to explore how far the quantum concept can reach with use of specially fabricated elements. Here we employ a tunable flux qubit with basis states having persistent currents of 1$ μ$A carried by a billion electrons. By tuning the tunnel barrier between these states we see a cross-over from quantum to classical. Released from non-equilibrium, the system exhibits spontaneous coherent oscillations. For high barriers the lifetime of the states increases dramatically while the tunneling period approaches the phase coherence time and the classical regime is reached.
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